The Fable of the Bees; Or, Private Vices, Public Benefits — John Shaqi
The Fable of the Bees; Or, Private Vices, Public BenefitsMandeville, Bernard
Philosophy
The Fable of the Bees; Or, Private Vices, Public Benefits
Mandeville, Bernard
Charity-schools -- Early works to 1800; Ethics -- Early works to 1800; Virtue -- Early works to 1800
To prove my assertion, we have but to observe what generally passes
between the winner and the loser. The first is always complaisant, and
if the other will but keep his temper, more than ordinary obliging; he
is ever ready to humour the loser, and willing to rectify his mistakes
with precaution, and the height of good manners. The loser is uneasy,
captious, morose, and perhaps swears and storms; yet as long as he says
or does nothing designedly affronting, the winner takes all in good
part, without offending, disturbing, or contradicting him. Losers,
says the proverb, must have leave to rail: All which shows that the
loser is thought in the right to complain, and for that very reason
pitied. That we are afraid of the loser's ill-will, is plain from
our being conscious that we are displeased with those we lose to,
and envy we always dread when we think ourselves happier than others:
From whence it follows, that when the winner endeavours to conceal
his gains, his design is to avert the mischiefs he apprehends, and
this is self-preservation; the cares of which continue to affect us
as long as the motives that first produced them remain.
But a month, a week, or perhaps a much shorter time after, when the
thoughts of the obligation, and consequently the winner's gratitude,
are worn off, when the loser has recovered his temper, laughs at his
loss, and the reason of the winner's pity ceases; when the winner's
apprehension of drawing upon him the ill-will and envy of the loser
is gone; that is to say, as soon as all the passions are over,
and the cares of self-preservation employ the winner's thoughts no
longer, he will not only make no scruple of owning what he has won,
but will, if his vanity steps in, likewise, with pleasure, brag off,
if not exaggerate his gains.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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