The Family among the Australian Aborigines, a Sociological StudyMalinowski, Bronislaw
History
The Family among the Australian Aborigines, a Sociological Study
Malinowski, Bronislaw
Aboriginal Australians -- Social life and customs; Ethnology -- Australia; Families -- History
In the Arunta tribe the boys "go out with the women as they
searched for vegetable food and the smaller animals," up to the
first initiation ceremony. Afterwards "they begin to accompany the
men in their search for larger" game. At this first initiation they
change also their mode of living; "in the future they must not play
with the women and girls, nor must they camp with them as they have
hitherto done, but henceforth they must go to the camp of the men,
which is known as the Ungunja."[807] Among the Arunta there is a
"special part of the main camp where the men assemble and near to
which the women may not go."[808] It must exist only when a greater
number of natives are assembled,[809] for normally the people roam
scattered over the country. But during these latter periods the
unmarried men lead probably an existence of their own, as they
cannot live with families (compare above mode of living). This
information about the bachelors' camp in the Arunta is not quite
clear, as we see. But all we read points to its existence.
[807] Spencer and Gillen, _Nat. Tr._, pp. 215, 216.
[808] See index, p. 656; the Ungunja is mentioned several
times in the text, p. 557 and _passim_.
[809] See Chap. V.
We find the bachelors' camp (Lagerplatz der jungen Männer;
tmarankintja) mentioned by the Rev. E. Strehlow, in connection with
the totemic ceremonies amongst the Arunta.[810]
[810] Part iii. p. 7 and _passim_.
We read about the tribes near Port Darwin: "Children live with
their parents until puberty, when girls become members of their
husband's households, residing sometimes with him, and at other
times at the parental camp."[811] I may add here, that this is the
only example where matrilocal marriage is mentioned in Australia.
Everywhere else we find it stated that the girl removes to her
husband's camp.[812] We read farther that the boys are taken, after
their initiation, "in charge by those whose duty it is to train"
them. "They lived in a large wurley, which would accommodate all
the boys. As a fact ... no boys between seventeen and nineteen are
seen at Port Darwin."[813] Here we are told that there was one big
hut in which all the boys lived; but this seems rather to be an
exception.
[811] T. A. Parkhouse, _loc. cit._, p. 641.
[812] Compare N. W. Thomas, _loc. cit._, p. 16.
[813] _Ibid._, p. 643.
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