[46] Country ships and coasters carried Manila men--Portuguese of Bombay or Macao--as helmsmen; they hove the lead, &c., and were called 'Sea-cunnies.' [47] Strangling is by means of a wooden cross driven into the ground to which the prisoner's neck and outstretched arms are secured. A more ghastly and ignominious death than beheading. [48] Called the Praya Grande, temporarily destroyed by the taiphoon of 1875. [49] The Fragrant Hill. [50] 'Cumsha' means 'a present.' [51] A catty is 1-1/3 pounds English. [52] The Imperial Commissioner. [53] A subordinate officer of the chief magistrate's department. [54] The currency being taels, mace, candareens, and cash. [55] 'Flowery flag,' the United States. [56] Presents to the captains and officers. [57] Buddha. [58] A very common exclamation on any occasion. [59] The late Sir James Matheson was the reputed founder of the foreign press in China (_The Canton Register_); but it was an open question whether it was he or Mr. Wood. I contributed to that paper (translations from Chinese) when started; but in the consequent daily intercourse with Wood, he never hinted that he was not its sole founder. If my memory serves me Sir James was at the time on a trip up the coast. Nevertheless there is but one 'old Canton' who can decide the point, the present Sir Alexander Matheson. [60] Confucius. [61] Kung-Ming, a celebrated warrior of the third century A.D. [62] Celebrated gardens, near Canton, visited by foreigners. [63] 'Fan-Kwae,' foreign devils. [64] The offspring of European Spaniards and natives. [65] The privilege was 140 piculs weight. [66] Public office. [67] Equivalent to Excellency. [68] At Macao, 1841. [69] Whole dollars were so called put up in red paper--a neat way of paying small sums. [70] 'Eaten them.' [71] The resident physician of the foreign community, apart from the Honourable East India Co. He was from Philadelphia. [72] An old Chinese fort so called, east of the Factories. [73] The capital of Canton province is Show-King-Foo, and was the residence of the Governor-General of Canton and Kwang-Se. Consequent upon the former becoming the seat of foreign trade, the Governor-General removed there, and second to him is the Lieutenant-Governor. He is now styled Viceroy. [74] Figurative for 'a great many.' [75] These and similar expressions in Chinese official documents, over which Western people make such an absurd fuss, are no more to be taken literally than the vulgarised form of 'your obedient servant.' In the present case 'reverential obedience' is to be taken as 'serious co-operation,' so the Blue Button pointed out to me. [76] That no one might escape.