Great Britain -- Social conditions -- 19th century
However that be, these dignified families are, according to Fashionable
computation, almost the only standing members of the community; and, if
these be excepted, all the rest of their body is mutable in the extreme.
There is a perpetual reciprocation of numbers between them and the
society in which they reside. Scarcely an hour passes without some
interchange. The gossip of every day announces that some have migrated
from the region of Fashion, and that others have made their appearance
within it for the first time. The causes which produce these variations,
and the reasons by which they are defended, are in some instances too
mysterious, and in others too frivolous, to become subjects of recital.
In general it may be affirmed, that though persons become Fashionable
_with_ the concurrence of their will, they cease to be such _against_ it.
For, if a few accidental converts to plain sense and sober piety be
excepted, the greater part of those who retire have been superseded; and
resign their places, only because they cannot any longer retain them.
However that be, the fluctuation thus occasioned in the numbers and
characters of those who compose this Fashionable Community, diversifies
its complexion daily; and renders a precise account of its population and
totality utterly impossible.
The form of government subsisting among this people, so far as it can be
traced out, is Oligarchical, and the spirit of it is absolute and
despotical. The few in whose hands the supreme authority resides, do not
consist of any regular or definite number, nor are they confined to any
particular sex. In general, they are composed of persons out of both
sexes, who, while they exercise a separate influence in things relating
to the sexes respectively, possess also a common jurisdiction in matters
of universal concern.
The governing few are not invested with their authority by any
formalities of law; nor do they obtain their station by any specific
qualifications. The magistracy which they hold, appears to be neither
hereditary nor elective, but contingent. The term of their continuance
in power is also as indefinite and capricious, as the right by which they
acquire it. One thing, however, is certain, that as a moral reputation
has no influence in recommending them to the stations they fill, so the
forfeiture of it in no degree weakens the stability, or abridges the
duration of their power. That a government of this independent
description should exist in the heart of the British empire, an _imperium
in imperio_, will appear scarcely credible to my reader. He may,
however, rely upon it, that the fact is as I have stated it; and if he
should express his wonder, that such contempt of the sovereign authority
as it eventually leads to, has not been properly resisted, he will only
do what thousands have done before him.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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