It will be seen that in both these arrangements there is a loss of work in lifting the greater part of the water rather higher than the level at which it is utilised. The principle of the tabût will be understood from the drawing given on the same plate No. V., as the other arrangement with pitchers. Either kind is known as a _saqya hedêr_. [Illustration: PLATE IV. HIGH-LIFT WATER-WHEELS ON THE TAMÎYAH CANAL. The pair of wheels shown on this Plate raise the water 4·50 metres, and are worked by a total fall of water of 0·55 metres. As a means of estimating the heights and widths in the Plate, the widths of the arches are given. Left-hand arch, 3 metres span; next arch on its right, 2½ metres span.] [Illustration: PLATE V. UNDERSHOT WHEEL FOR RAISING WATER. Scale ¹⁄₅₀. From Willcocks’ ‘Egyptian Irrigation.’] [Illustration: SKETCH DIAGRAM OF TABÛT. Drawn with side as if transparent, to show water in compartment, and principle.] The _saqya mawâshi_ (saqya worked by cattle) and the _shadûf_ are also employed to a small extent, as elsewhere in Egypt, but only for small areas. There are 205 saqya hedêrs in the province. To obtain a license to erect one, the applicant has to pay L.E. 1 to get his application accepted, and L.E. 5 more, if the license is granted. _Water-mills._—The fall of the water is also used to turn mills for grinding corn, of which there are 243 in the province, which paid as tax in 1891 a total of 810_l._ (L.E. 791). Plate VI. is from a photograph of one of the falls, below which are first a pair of tabût wheels, one behind the other, for lifting water to high-level lands, and, below these in the same mill-race, an undershot wheel working a mill for grinding corn. The mills are worked either by turbines (_panchakkis_) of a pattern introduced from India thirty years ago, according to Mr. Willcocks, or by undershot wheels. The latter method is used, where the fall available to work the mill is small, but not less than 60 centimetres. The former system requires a fall of at least 1·60 metres.