Note: Project Gutenberg also has an HTML version of this file which includes the original illustrations. See 14345-h.htm or 14345-h.zip: (https://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/1/4/3/4/14345/14345-h/14345-h.htm) or (https://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/1/4/3/4/14345/14345-h.zip) THE FIGHT FOR THE REPUBLIC IN CHINA by B. L. PUTNAM WEALE Author of _Indiscreet Letters from Peking_, etc. With 28 Illustrations London: Hurst & Blackett, Ltd. Paternoster House, E.C. 1918 [Illustration: President Li Yuan-Hung.] PREFACE This volume tells everything that the student or the casual reader needs to know about the Chinese Question. It is sufficiently exhaustive to show very clearly the new forces at work, and to bring some realisation of the great gulf which separates the thinking classes of to-day from the men of a few years ago; whilst, at the same time, it is sufficiently condensed not to overwhelm the reader with too great a multitude of facts. Particular attention may be devoted to an unique feature--namely, the Chinese and Japanese documentation which affords a sharp contrast between varying types of Eastern brains. Thus, in the Memorandum of the Black Dragon Society (Chapter VII) we have a very clear and illuminating revelation of the Japanese political mind which has been trained to consider problems in the modern Western way, but which remains saturated with theocratic ideals in the sharpest conflict with the Twentieth Century. In the pamphlet of Yang Tu (Chapter VIII) which launched the ill-fated Monarchy Scheme and contributed so largely to the dramatic death of Yuan Shih-kai, we have an essentially Chinese mentality of the reactionary or corrupt type which expresses itself both on home and foreign issues in a naïvely dishonest way, helpful to future diplomacy. In the Letter of Protest (Chapter X) against the revival of Imperialism written by Liang Ch'i-chao--the most brilliant scholar living--we have a Chinese of the New or Liberal China, who in spite of a complete ignorance of foreign languages shows a marvellous grasp of political absolutes, and is a harbinger of the great days which must come again to Cathay. In other chapters dealing with the monarchist plot we see the official mind at work, the telegraphic despatches exchanged between Peking and the provinces being of the highest diplomatic interest. These documents prove conclusively that although the Japanese is more practical than the Chinese--and more concise--there can be no question as to which brain is the more fruitful.