The First Book of FarmingGoodrich, C. L. (Charles Landon)
Science
The First Book of Farming
Goodrich, C. L. (Charles Landon)
Agriculture
=Cultivator=, a farm implement used to loosen the surface of the soil
and to kill weeds after a crop has been planted.
=Cutting=, a part of a plant placed in moist soil, water or other
medium with the object of its producing roots and making a new plant.
=Dormant=, said of plants when they are resting or inactive. Most
plants are dormant during the winter season.
=Drainage=, the method by which surplus water is removed from the
land.
=Element=, a substance that cannot be divided into simpler substances.
=Fermentation=, the process by which organic substances are broken
down or changed and new substances formed.
=Fertility=, that state or condition of the soil which enables it to
produce crops.
=Fibre=, long thread-like structure.
=Flocculate=, to make crumbly.
=Free water=, standing water or water which flows under the influence
of gravity.
=Function=, the particular action of any part of an organism.
=Furrow=, the trench left by the plow.
=Furrow slice=, the strip of earth which is turned by the plow.
=Germinate=, to sprout.
=Grafting=, the process of inserting a cion or bud in a stock plant.
=Green manure crops=, crops intended to be plowed under to improve the
soil.
=Harrow=, an implement used to pulverize the surface of the soil.
=Heavy soils=, soils that are hard to work; stiff, cloddy soils.
=Horticulture=, that branch of agriculture which deals with the
growing of fruits, vegetables, flowers and ornamental plants.
=Humus=, partially decayed animal and vegetable matter in the soil.
=Hydrogen=, a gaseous, chemical element, one of the constituents of
water.
=Inter-tillage=, tillage between plants.
=Irrigation=, the practice of supplying plants with water by
artificial means.
=Kainite=, a potash salt used in making fertilizer.
=Kernel=, a single seed or grain.
=Leaching=, passing through and going off in drainage water.
=Legume=, a plant belonging to the bean, pea and clover family.
=Light soils=, soils which are loose and open and easy to work.
=Loam=, a mixture of sand, clay and organic matter.
=Mould board=, the curved part of the plow which turns the furrow
slice.
=Mulch=, a covering on the soil. It may be of straw, leaves,
pulverized soil or other material.
=Nectar=, a sweet substance in flowers from which bees make honey.
=Nitrate=, a soluble form of nitrogen.
=Nitrification=, the changing of nitrogen into a nitrate.
=Nitrogen=, a gas forming four-fifths of the air. Nitrogen is a very
necessary food of plants.
=Organic matter=, substances produced by the growth of plants and
animals.
=Osmose=, the movement of fluids through membranes or thin partitions.
=Oxygen=, a gas which forms one-fifth of the air. Its presence is
necessary to the life of all green plants and all animals.
=Ovary=, the part of the pistil that bears the developing seeds.
=Ovule=, an immature seed in the ovary.
=Perennial=, living through several years.
=Phosphoric acid=, an important plant food found in phosphates.
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