=Pistil=, the part of the flower which produces seeds. =Propagate=, to increase in number. =Pollen=, the powdery substance produced by stamens. =Pollination=, the transfer of pollen from stamens to pistils. =Potash=, an important plant food. =Pruning=, removing parts of a plant for the good of what remains. =Retentive=, holding, retaining, said of soil which holds water. =Reverted=, said of phosphoric acid in the process of becoming insoluble. =Rotation of crops=, a change of crops in regular order. =Sap=, the juice or liquid contents of plants. =Seed bed=, the earth in which seeds are sown. =Seedling=, a young plant just from the seed. Also a plant raised from a seed in distinction from one produced from a graft or a cutting. =Sepal=, one of the parts of the calyx. =Slip=, a cutting placed in water or moist soil or other substance to produce roots and form a new plant. =Soil=, that part of the earth's crust into which plants send their roots for food and water. =Stamen=, that part of a flower which bears the pollen. =Stigma=, the part of the pistil which receives the pollen. =Stomata=, breathing pores in plants. =Subsoil=, that part of the soil which lies beneath the soil that is worked with the tillage tools. =Sap root=, a main root that runs straight down into the soil. =Tillage=, stirring the soil. =Transpiration=, the giving off of water from plants. =Tubercle=, a small nodular growth on the roots of plants. =Under drainage=, drainage from below. =Vitality of seeds=, the ability of seeds to grow. INDEX Acid phosphates, 196. Adobe soils, 30. After-cultivation, 158, 164. benefits from, 164. flat, 169. frequency of, 167. saves water, 164. shallow, 15, 167, 169. time for, 166. tools for, 167. Agencies active in making soils, 32. Agents, with which farmer works, 5. most important, 6. Agriculture, foundation facts and principles of, 22. Air, and the farmer, 5. in relation to germination, 72. necessary for root growth, 20. work of, in making soils, 36. Albuminoids in plants, 64, 66. Alfalfa or lucern, 68. roots, 13. soils, 29. Ammonia in fertilizers, 204, 205. in barn manures, 175. lost by fermentation, 175. sulphate of, 194. Analysis of plants, 163-166. of fertilizers, 203. Animals, 5. and the farmer, 5. dependent on plants, 6. work of, in making soils, 37. Annual plants, 125. Anthers, 129. Aphis, 116. Apple, flower of, 129, 130. Ash in plants, 65, 66. Ashes, a source of potash, 199. cotton hull, 199. Bacteria, 68, 143. and the farmer, 5, 144. denitrifying, 144. in manures, 174. in the roots of legumes, 68. in the soil, 68, 143. nitrifying, 144. nitrogen-fixing, 144. Bare fallow, 100. when advisable, 100.