The First Quarter-Century of Steam Locomotives in North America: Remaining Relics and Operable Replicas with a Catalog of Locomotive Models in the U. S. National Museum. United States National Museum Bulletin 210 — John Shaqi
The First Quarter-Century of Steam Locomotives in North America: Remaining Relics and Operable Replicas with a Catalog of Locomotive Models in the U. S. National Museum. United States National Museum Bulletin 210Oliver, Smith Hempstone
History
The First Quarter-Century of Steam Locomotives in North America: Remaining Relics and Operable Replicas with a Catalog of Locomotive Models in the U. S. National Museum. United States National Museum Bulletin 210
Oliver, Smith Hempstone
Locomotives -- History
The first trip was made on Monday, February 13, 1804. Among the several
trips made by the locomotive was one of 9 miles, between Merthyr Tydfil
and Abercynon, drawing 5 cars with a load of 10 tons of iron and 70 men.
Although a satisfactory machine, and one that proved that a useful load
could be hauled through the adhesion of wheels on smooth track, it was
not long in use because of frequent breakage of the primitive railway.
The single horizontal steam cylinder, projecting partly into the end of
the boiler, operated a crankshaft fitted with a large-diameter flywheel.
The driving wheels were coupled to the crankshaft by gearing. The bore
and stroke of the cylinder are said to have been about 8¼ and 54 inches,
respectively, and the unflanged wheels were about 45 inches in diameter.
Discharge of the exhaust steam into the chimney was utilized with this
particular locomotive, as Trevithick appreciated fully the effect it had
upon the fire. The date of this early use of exhaust steam to aid the
fire greatly antedates those claimed for later locomotive builders.
Trevithick Locomotive Catch-me-who-can, 1808
Trevithick’s next best known locomotive, his _Catch-me-who-can_, is
represented in the national collection by a 9-inch-long nonoperable
model (USNM 244889). The model (figure 62) was transferred to the Museum
from the U. S. Department of the Interior in 1906. Nothing further is
known of its origin.
The original _Catch-me-who-can_, built for Trevithick by Hazeldine and
Rastrick of Bridgnorth, was exhibited in the summer of 1808 in London on
a small circular railway laid down on part of the ground now occupied by
Euston Square. The public was charged admission to enter a small
enclosure to view the demonstration or ride in a small car pulled by the
locomotive.
As on his 1804 locomotive, a single cylinder projecting partly within
the end of the boiler was used, but it was vertical instead of
horizontal. The rear wheels only were driven, actuated by long, return
connecting rods attached to the ends of a wide crosshead. Because of the
necessary arrangement of the cranks on the ends of the rear axle, it was
entirely possible for the engine to stop on dead center. This was
likewise a fault of the 1804 locomotive, which had a single crank.
The engine is said to have weighed 8 tons and to have traveled at a
speed of 12 miles an hour, but troubles with the track ultimately
brought the demonstrations to a halt. No dimensions are known today of
the original _Catch-me-who-can_, which has long since disappeared.
[Illustration: Figure 62.—Model of Trevithick _Catch-me-who-can_,
1808.]
Stephenson Locomotive Rocket, 1829
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