59. Stamens as long as or longer than the perianth. Flowers almost sessile. 60 Stamens shorter than the perianth. Flowers distinctly stalked. 61 60. Perianth-segments erect. Leaves broadly elliptical.--Species 1. Southern West Africa. =Verdickia= De Wild. Perianth-segments spreading. Leaves linear or lanceolate.--Species 15. Central Africa. (Under _Chlorophytum_ Ker). =Dasystachys= Bak. 61. Fruit deeply 3-lobed or acutely angled. Seeds discoid.--Species 80. Tropical and South Africa. Some are used as ornamental plants. =Chlorophytum= Ker Fruit not distinctly lobed, obtusely angled. Filaments thread-shaped.--Species 120. Some are used as ornamental or medicinal plants. (_Phalangium_ Juss.) =Anthericum= L. 62. (53.) Anthers attached to the filament in a small dorsal pit. 63 Anthers without a dorsal pit. 65 63. Perianth wheel-shaped, with spreading 5-nerved segments, white on the inner face, violet or red on the outer. Filaments woolly. Seeds globular or ovoid.--Species 1. North-West Africa. Used in medicine. =Simethis= Kunth Perianth bell-or funnel-shaped, with more or less connivent, 1-nerved segments. Seeds triquetrous. 64 64. Perianth yellow. Filaments distinctly unequal, bent downwards. Stem bearing leaves to the middle or higher up.--Species 2. North Africa. Used as ornamental or medicinal plants. =Asphodeline= Reichb. Perianth white or reddish. Filaments subequal. Stem bearing leaves at the base only.--Species 10. North Africa, northern East Africa, and Mascarene Islands. Some are used as ornamental or medicinal plants or for preparing glue. =Asphodelus= L. 65. Filaments glabrous. Ovules 2 in each ovary-cell. Perianth white or yellow.--Species 9. South Africa. =Bulbinella= Kunth Filaments bearded. Ovules 3 or more in each ovary-cell. Perianth yellow, rarely whitish.--Species 30. South and Central Africa. Some are poisonous to cattle. =Bulbine= L. 66. (52.) Stamens free from the perianth, rarely (_Lomatophyllum_) slightly attached to it at the base. Anthers attached to the tip of the filament in a small pit. Perianth-segments evidently united or connivent into a narrow tube at the base. Fruit a capsule which is rarely fleshy. Leaves leathery and all radical, or more or less fleshy. [Tribe ALOINEAE.] 67 Stamens attached to the perianth, rarely almost free, but then anthers without a pit, perianth-segments almost free, spreading or globosely-connivent, fruit a berry, and leaves not fleshy. 75 67. Leaves leathery, minutely toothed or entire, radical or nearly so. Inflorescence terminal, simple, densely racemose, upon an almost naked stalk. Perianth usually yellow or red; limb regular or nearly so, not 2-lipped. [Subtribe KNIPHOFIINAE.] 68 Leaves fleshy and usually prickly, generally inserted on a woody stem, rarely leathery, but then inflorescence subcapitate or loosely racemose or perianth with a 2-lipped limb. Inflorescence axillary, but often apparently terminal. [Subtribe ALOINAE.] 69