Flowers in umbels enclosed by 2 bracts. Perianth-segments united below. Ovary-cells with many ovules. [Tribe AGAPANTHEAE.] 50 50. Perianth with a long tube and a corona at the throat. Style short, columnar.--Species 20. South Africa and southern Central Africa. Some are used as ornamental plants. =Tulbaghia= L. Perianth with a short tube, without a corona. Style filiform. Seeds winged.--Species 3. South Africa. Used as ornamental plants. =Agapanthus= L’ Hér. 51. Flowers in cymes, hermaphrodite. Perianth-segments united below into a long tube.--Species 1. South Africa. [Tribe LUZURIAGEAE.] =Behnia= Didrichs. Flowers in umbels, dioecious. Perianth-segments free.--Species 9. Some of them are used medicinally. [Tribe SMILACEAE.] =Smilax= Tourn. 52. Perianth-segments free or almost so, more or less spreading. Stem herbaceous. Ovary 3-celled. [Tribe ASPHODELEAE.] 53 Perianth-segments evidently united at their base or connivent into a long tube, rarely almost free and not connivent into a tube, but then stem woody, very seldom herbaceous plants growing upon trees and having a 1-celled ovary. 66 53. Anthers attached by the base or between the lobes of the base. 54 Anthers attached by the back. 62 54. Anthers opening by terminal pores, sometimes prolonged into slits. Filaments thickened. Perianth blue, rarely white. Fruit a berry. Leaves 2-ranked, linear. Flowers in lax panicles.--Species 2, one native in Madagascar and the neighbouring islands, the other one naturalized in the Island of St. Helena. They are used as ornamental and medicinal plants; the berries are poisonous. [Subtribe DIANELLINAE.] =Dianella= Lam. Anthers opening by longitudinal slits. Fruit a capsule. Leaves in several ranks or 1-2 only present. Flowers usually in racemes. 55 55. Anthers without a pit at the base. Perianth more or less campanulate. Seeds woolly. Root-stock tuberous. Leaves 1-3, usually a single leaf.--Species 50. South and Central Africa. Some are used as ornamental or medicinal plants. [Subtribe ERIOSPERMINAE.] =Eriospermum= Jacq. Anthers attached to the filament in a small pit at the base. Perianth more or less rotate. [Subtribes ANTHERICINAE and ASPHODELINAE.] 56 56. Perianth spirally twisted after flowering, blue violet or red. Ovules 2 in each ovary-cell. 57 Perianth not twisted, usually white. Ovules 4 or more in each ovary-cell. 58 57. Stamens free or the inner attached to the perianth; filaments flattened. Perianth blue. Stem very short, 2-3-flowered.--Species 1. South Africa (Cape Colony). =Nanolirion= Benth. Stamens attached to the perianth; filaments thread-shaped. Stem long, many-flowered.--Species 4. South Africa and Madagascar. =Caesia= R. Br. 58. Ovules many in each cell. Filaments short and broad. Perianth funnel-shaped, with erect segments.--Species 3. West Africa. (_Debesia_ Kuntze). =Acrospira= Welw. Ovules 4-8 in each cell. Filaments thread-shaped or slightly broadened in the middle. 59