34. Sepals densely hairy. Petals minute. Staminodes in the female flowers present. Carpels hairy. (See 26.) _Triclisia_ Benth. Sepals glabrous or scantily hairy. Staminodes in the female flowers absent. (See 16.) =Tiliacora= Colebr. SUBORDER MAGNOLIINEAE. FAMILY 81. ANONACEAE. Shrubs or trees. Leaves undivided, without stipules. Flowers usually hermaphrodite. Sepals 3, rarely 2, usually valvate in the bud. Petals 3-6, free or united at the base. Stamens hypogynous, 6 or more, usually numerous, rarely (_Bocagea_) 3. Anthers nearly always turned outwards. Carpels 3 or more, separate, more rarely united and forming a one-or many-celled ovary. Ovules inverted. Fruit usually a berry. Seeds with a copious, ruminate albumen and a small embryo.--Genera 27, species 240. (Plate 48.) 1. Carpels whorled and united, forming a 1-celled ovary with parietal placentas. [Tribe MONODOREAE.] 2 Carpels spirally arranged, free, more rarely united, and then forming a many-celled ovary. 3 2. Petals unequal, free or the outer united below, frequently with a wavy margin.--Species 15. Tropics to Delagoa Bay. The seeds of some species are used as condiments and in medicine. =Monodora= Dun. Petals equal, more or less united below, not wavy at the margin.--Species 15. Tropics. (Under _Monodora_ Dun.) =Isolona= (Pierre) Engl. 3. Petals 6, the inner greatly exceeding the outer. Carpels 4-6, with united stigmas; ovules 6-10 to each. Trees with long-haired branches. Flowers in panicles.--Species 5. West Africa (Cameroons). [Tribe MILIUSEAE.] =Piptostigma= Oliv. Petals 6, about equal in length, or the inner shorter, or petals 3-4. 4 4. Petals thick, more or less distinctly jointed into an inferior hollow portion and a superior flat or thickened one, erect or connivent, rarely spreading, valvate in the bud, very rarely (_Anona_) the inner imbricate at the apex. [Tribe XYLOPIEAE.] 5 Petals thin or rather thin, rarely thick, not jointed and usually spreading, but sometimes hollow or with a short claw appressed to the stamens. 10 5. Carpels united in fruit. Ovule 1. Styles oblong. Petals 3, alternate with the sepals, or 6.--Species 10, six of them spontaneous in tropical and South-east Africa, 4 cultivated in various regions. They yield cork-wood, fibre, gum-lac, tans and dyes, poisons, medicaments, a substitute for tea, and edible fruits (custard-apple, sour-sop, and others) from which also drinks are prepared. (Plate 48.) [Subtribe ANONINAE.] =Anona= L. Carpels free till maturity. [Subtribe XYLOPIINAE.] 6 6. Ovules solitary. 7 Ovules 2 or more to each carpel. Petals 6. 8 7. Petals 3, opposite the sepals. Stigmas sessile. Trees with a yellow bark and yellow hairs.--Species 3. Central Africa. They yield timber, dyes, and medicaments. (Under _Xylopia_ L.) =Enantia= Oliv. Petals 6, the outer greatly exceeding the inner. Stigmas borne upon linear styles.--Species 6. Equatorial West Africa. (Under _Oxymitra_ Blume) =Stenanthera= (Oliv.) Engl. & Diels