Carpels 4-5. Fertile stamens 5. Flowers hermaphrodite or polygamous. 9 8. Flowers dioecious. Sepals united at the base. Petals 4. Disc 4-lobed. Anthers roundish, without terminal glands. Leaves needle-like, three-edged, without glandular dots.--Species 1. South Africa (Cape Colony). =Empleuridium= Sond. Flowers polygamous-monoecious. Sepals united beyond the middle. Petals wanting. Disc none. Anthers oblong, with a gland at the top. Ovary beaked. Stigma entire. Leaves linear-lanceolate, flat, glandular-serrate.--Species 1. South Africa (Cape Colony). Used medicinally. =Empleurum= Soland. 9. Endocarp cartilaginous, adnate at the back and separating from the tubercled exocarp at the margins only. Seeds with thick cotyledons. Ovules one above the other. Ovary with a long and thin stalk. Staminodes linear, glandulose. Trees.--Species 2. East and South Africa. [Subtribe CALODENDRINAE.] =Calodendron= Thunb. Endocarp separating from the exocarp. Seeds with flat cotyledons. Ovules usually side by side. Shrubs. [Subtribe DIOSMINAE.] 10 10. Staminodes 5. 11 Staminodes none. 15 11. Style long. Stigma small. 12 Style short or rather short. Stigma capitate or discoid. Inflorescences terminal. 13 12. Petals clawed. Stamens with glabrous filaments and gland-tipped anthers. Staminodes petaloid, with hairy claws. Disc crenate or lobed. Carpels 2-4. Flowers in terminal umbels or heads, rarely solitary and axillary.--Species 100. South Africa (Cape Colony). Some are used as ornamental or medicinal plants. (Plate 73.) =Agathosma= Willd. Petals subsessile, glabrous. Carpels 5. Flowers solitary or in cymes in the axils of the leaves.--Species 20. South Africa (Cape Colony). Some are used medicinally. =Barosma= Willd. 13. Petals with a very short, glabrous claw. Anthers ending in a stalked gland. Staminodes exceeding the fertile stamens. Disc lobed. Ovary covered with stalked glands. Flowers rather large.--Species 25. South Africa (Cape Colony). Several species are used as ornamental or medicinal plants, or as a substitute for tea. =Adenandra= Willd. Petals with a long or rather long, usually channelled or bearded claw. Anthers with a sessile gland or without a gland. 14 14. Petals channelled inside, glabrous. Anthers bearing a sessile gland. Staminodes adnate below to the petals or enclosed by their channelled claw. Ovary glabrous. Leaves alternate.--Species 6. South Africa (Cape Colony). Some are used as ornamental or medicinal plants. =Coleonema= Bartl. & Wendl. Petals not channelled, usually with a hairy claw. Stamens short. Staminodes very small.--Species 15. South Africa (Cape Colony). =Acmadenia= Bartl. & Wendl. 15. Style long. Stigma small. Petals with a hairy claw. 16 Style short or rather short. Stigma capitate. Filaments glabrous. 17 16. Disc 5-parted. Filaments and style hairy. Carpels 5. Flowers solitary or in clusters, white.--Species 1. South Africa (Cape Colony). =Phyllosma= Bolus