Stem and leaves not green; stem herbaceous; leaves scale-like. Flowers unisexual, in spikes or heads. Embryo without cotyledons. =62. Balanophoraceae.= 174. (167.) Placentas apical. Style wanting. Stamens 3-4, united. Flowers hermaphrodite. Stem herbaceous, not green, bearing neither leaves nor scales. _Hydnora_, =65. Hydnoraceae=. Placentas parietal. Style present. Stem bearing leaves or scales. 175 175. Filaments united, 8 or more. Style 1. Embryo without cotyledons. Herbs. Leaves scale-like, not green. Flowers unisexual. =64. Rafflesiaceae.= Filaments free. Embryo with 2 cotyledons. Shrubs or trees. Leaves well developed. 176 176. Flowers unisexual. Perianth 4-5-parted. Stamens 4-5. Style 1. _Grevea_, =96. Saxifragaceae=. Flowers hermaphrodite. Perianth 7-8-parted. Stamens numerous. Styles 2-3. _Bembicia_. =159. Flacourtiaceae=. 177. (153.) Ovules solitary in each ovary-cell. 178 Ovules 2 or more in each ovary-cell. 183 178. Ovules erect or ascending. 179 Ovules pendulous or descending. 180 179. Leaves opposite or whorled. Perianth corolla-like. Ovary-cells and styles 2. Embryo curved. =219. Rubiaceae.= Leaves alternate. Perianth calyx-like. Embryo straight. =137. Rhamnaceae.= 180. Perianth wanting in the male flowers. Stamens 4. Ovary almost completely 2-celled. Seeds exalbuminous. Shrubs. Leaves stipulate. _Corylus_, =50. Betulaceae=. Perianth present in all flowers. Seeds albuminous. Herbs or undershrubs, rarely shrubs or trees, but then, as usually, leaves exstipulate. 181 181. Flowers in umbels or heads, rarely in whorls, and then leaves stipulate. Perianth-segments 5, alternating with as many stamens. Ovary-cells and styles 2. Seeds with horny albumen; embryo small. =186. Umbelliferae.= Flowers solitary or in axillary fascicles or in spikes. Leaves exstipulate. Perianth-segments 4, rarely 3 or 5. Seeds with fleshy or mealy albumen. Herbs or undershrubs. 182 182. Flowers hermaphrodite. Seeds with a curved embryo and mealy albumen. Leaves undivided. _Tetragonia_, =72. Aizoaceae=. Flowers unisexual or polygamous. Stamens 2, 4, or 8. Seeds with a straight embryo and fleshy albumen. Leaves, at least the lower ones, deeply divided. _Myriophyllum_, =183. Halorrhagaceae=. 183. (177.) Ovules 2 in each ovary-cell. Styles 3-6. Perianth-segments more or less united. Flowers unisexual, spicate. Leaves stipulate. Trees or shrubs. =51. Fagaceae.= Ovules numerous in each ovary-cell, rarely (_Lecythidaceae_) 2-6, but then style 1 and flowers hermaphrodite. 184 184. Perianth-segments obviously united below. Seeds albuminous. Leaves without stipules. 185 Perianth-segments free or nearly so. Seeds exalbuminous. 186 185. Flowers unisexual, in terminal spikes, racemes or panicles. Perianth regular. Fruit a berry. Embryo without cotyledons. Herbs. Leaves scale-like, not green. _Cytinus_, =64. Rafflesiaceae=.