Our specimen was collected by Dr. I. B. Pole Evans at Dassie Deur near Port Elizabeth, and flowered in the garden of the Division of Botany, Pretoria, in August. Specimens are preserved in the National Herbarium. DESCRIPTION:--_Stem_ underground. _Leaves_ about 13, crowded in a basal rosette, up to 30 cm. long, 6-11·5 cm. broad, oblong, oblong-lanceolate, or the inner ovate, acuminate, flat, bluish-grey, glaucous, faintly many-nerved, with pink margins. _Peduncle_ about 24 cm. long, branched above; at the base flat on one side, convex on the other; in the upper portion semiterete. _Inflorescence_ a panicle of racemes, the ultimate racemes 6-9 cm. long, lax. _Bracts_ subtending the racemes about 1 cm. long, membranous, ovate, acuminate. _Floral bracts_ 3 mm. long, ovate, acuminate, acute, membranous. _Pedicels_ about 1 cm. long, spreading. _Flowers_ more or less pendulous. _Perianth-tube_ in mature flowers 2 cm. long, globose at the base, then slightly constricted, then gradually widening into a tube 6 mm. in diameter at the throat; lobes about 3 mm. long, ovate, rounded at the apex. _Stamens_ included or slightly exserted; filaments attached at the base of the perianth-tube, 1·7 cm. long; anthers about 1 mm. long. _Ovary_ 5 mm. long, oblong; style 1·7 cm. long, terete; stigma faintly 3-lobed. _Immature fruit_ 2 cm. long, 1·1 cm. in diameter, ellipsoid, subtrigonous. * * * * * PLATE 55.--Fig. 1, plant showing characteristic habit; Fig. 2, transverse section of leaf; Fig. 3, flower; Fig. 4, bract; Fig. 5, stamen; Fig. 6, young fruit. F.P.S.A., 1922. [Illustration: _56._ S. Gower del.] PLATE 56. POLYXENA HAEMANTHOIDES. _Cape Province._ * * * * * LILIACEAE. Tribe SCILLEAE. POLYXENA, _Kunth._; _Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant._ vol. iii. p. 807. * * * * * =Polyxena haemanthoides=, _Baker in Hook. Ic._ t. 1727; _Fl. Cap._ vol. vi. p. 420. * * * * * This rare species was recently collected by Dr. Marloth in the Calvinia Division, and to our knowledge has not been collected since the late Dr. Bolus discovered it on the Nieuwveld Mountains near Fraserburg over thirty years ago. _Polyxena_ is a small endemic genus of about a dozen species, the majority of which are very little known, as most of them have not been collected since they were first found by the early Cape botanical collectors. Baker, who described and figured this species in Hooker’s _Icones_, remarks, “The affinity of this interesting novelty is evidently close with _Massonia rugulosa_ of Lichtenstein and _M. marginata_ of Willdenow, of neither of which we possess specimens in the Kew Herbarium.” Both of them fall under the genus _Polyxena_, as defined in the _Genera Plantarum_. Specimens preserved in the National Herbarium, Pretoria (Herb. No. 1448).