The genus _Adenium_ is represented in South Africa by three species found in the Transvaal, Swaziland and the North-Western Cape Province. Species of the genus are also found extending through tropical Africa to Socotra. On Plate 16 we figured _Adenium multiflorum_, from which the present plant differs in having long narrow leaves; both, however, have very large tuberous underground stems from which the branches arise. The peculiar tailed anthers and the scales in the corolla-throat which sometimes form small pouches are characteristic of the genus. Specimens were submitted to Kew for confirmation of the name, and the Director reports “very probably _A. oleifolium_, Stapf, but leaves are much narrower than in the type,” and it was thought advisable to describe this as a narrow-leaved variety. Our plate was prepared from specimens collected by Dr. W. M. Borcherds at Upington, and forwarded by him to the Division of Botany, Pretoria. DESCRIPTION:--Plant with large underground tuberous stems from which the branches arise. _Branches_ densely pubescent when young, at length becoming glabrous. _Leaves_ crowded at the ends of the branches, 6-10 cm. long, 2-4 mm. broad, linear, acute, pubescent. _Flowers_ terminal. _Sepals_ 6·5 mm. long, ovate, acuminate, acute, densely pilose, united at the base. _Corolla-tube_ 3·5 cm. long, cylindric and 3 mm. in diameter in lowest third, campanulate and 1·1 cm. in diameter in uppermost ⅔, pubescent without and within and with pockets in the angles formed by the lobes; lobes 1·3 cm. long, 8-9 mm. broad, broadly-elliptic, acuminate, sub-acute, minutely ciliate. _Filaments_ 4 mm. long, thick, terete, densely pilose; anthers 4 mm. long, hairy on the backs, sagittate at the base and produced into a long coiled apical hairy appendage 1 cm. long. _Ovary_ 2 mm. long, 2 mm. broad, glabrous, separating into 2 carpels; style 1·6 cm. long, cylindric, glabrous; stigmas 3 mm. long, lanceolate, subacuminate, with a mass of glandular hairs at the back which fix the stigmas to the connective of the anthers. (National Herb. Pretoria, No. 2598.) PLATE 105.--Fig. 1, plant reduced; 2, corolla laid open; 3, corolla from above; 4, pocket in corolla; 5, calyx; 6, stamens; 7, style and stigma; 8, carpels; 9, median longitudinal section of flower. F.P.S.A., 1923. [Illustration: _106._ S. Gower del.] PLATE 106. CRATEROSTIGMA PLANTAGINEUM. _Transvaal._ SCROPHULARIACEAE. Tribe GRATIOLEAE. CRATEROSTIGMA, _Hochst._; _Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant._ vol. ii. p. 954. =Craterostigma plantagineum=, _Hochst. in Flora_, 1841, 669; _Fl. Cap._ vol. iv. sect. 2, p. 361.