PANDEMIC VIII. Starting point obscure, but in the Eastern Hemisphere. Morbidity and Mortality large. Pulmonary Influenza or Influenza-Pneumonia cases very common. In London, for the week ending January 24, 1837, there died 1166 persons; and for the week ending January 31, the death rate reached a total of 1169; these deaths were solely due to Flu. 1847–8 PANDEMIC IX. Point of origin unknown; center of the focus of the disease the Eastern Hemisphere and Europe especially. More females than males were attacked. Great mortality; of those affected with the disease, there died 83% of children, babies and infants. 104% of those 15 to 60 years. 247% of those over 60 years. (Authority, Peacock.) In Paris ¼ to ½ of the population were attacked. In Geneva ⅓ of the population were attacked. In London 250,000 were said to have been stricken. U. S. America escaped the disease. 1850–1; 1857–8; 1873–4; 1875; 1879. Influenza prevalent in both Hemispheres. 1889–90 PANDEMIC X. Started at Bukhara, in Russian Turkestan, large province situated to the east of the Caspian sea; March, 1889. Very vicious in its morbidity and spread, acted as never before; ran over the whole globe in a few months. CONTAGIOUS: which hitherto in doubt, was clearly demonstrated by this Epidemic, which spread from Asia to Russia. America was infected from both Siberia and Europe. Tropical and temperate countries, mountain and plain, were all swept over alike. 1918–9–1920 PANDEMIC XI. Origin in south eastern Spain, Barcelona, a seaport; April, 1918, where a German submarine is said to have carried it; originally acquired by this boat at the Baltic port or ports of Danzig or Stettin. Swept Europe and entered Asiatic Russia, later Japan. U. S. America was infected at its Pacific and Atlantic ports. The conditions of trade and commerce during the World War were unusually favorable for the carrying of Influenza to the U. S. A. America the great-souled, as always, acting most generously, putting herself on short rations in order to feed the starving millions of the world, and sending her ships with food and clothing to the Flu-infected ports, carried back the disease to her own people. To date, number of Epidemics in Europe 47 〃 〃 Pandemics 〃 11 NAMES FOR INFLUENZA. Italian Catarro Russo, and Influente. Portuguese Cattarrho Epidemico. Spanish Catarro Epidemico. German Blitzkatarrh = Lightning-catarrh. German Influenz. CHAPTER III. INFLUENZA IN HAWAII.