The Forgotten Man, and Other EssaysSumner, William Graham
Science
The Forgotten Man, and Other Essays
Sumner, William Graham
Economics; Social sciences
Let us, however, proceed upon the assumption that the plan proposed is
sincere, and that the attempt would be made to carry it out in good
faith. The circulation in the hands of the people would be paper, for
they would become sick of silver and revolt against it. There would
then be two thousand million dollars in paper afloat, each “dollar”
being of silver and worth half a present gold one. We have now five
hundred million silver dollars. At the utmost not more than another
five hundred millions of silver could be absorbed into the system. That
would give reserves of fifty per cent of the total currency, and that
is the maximum of the demand for silver which could be created if the
United States went over to the silver standard. The supply would come
from all over the earth. Mr. St. John is sure that none would come from
Europe, because legal tender silver there is at a higher ratio than
sixteen to one. Not a nation in Europe which is now under the yoke of
silver would hesitate a moment to demonetize it and send it here if we
opened our mints to it at sixteen to one. He also assures us that none
would come here from the East because the course of silver has always
been from West to East. The course of silver has turned from East to
West more than once when there was a profit on bringing it back, and
that is the only condition necessary to bring it back again. Japan
would adopt a gold currency the moment that the United States adopted a
silver one.
IT IS IMPOSSIBLE INDEFINITELY TO INCREASE THE CIRCULATION.
The power of our currency to absorb silver is not unlimited. People
seem to believe that they can go on and increase the monetary
circulation indefinitely. This is possible with paper, which has no
commodity value and cannot be exported, always understanding that the
paper will depreciate as issued, but it is not possible with any money
which has commodity value. When silver has been put into circulation
here to such an amount that all the fictitious value given to it by the
coinage law has been eliminated--that is to say, when so many silver
dollars, or paper bearing the obligation of silver dollars, have been
issued as will equal in value the present circulation--then there
will be no profit in sending silver here from elsewhere, and no more
profit in minting silver here than in sending it elsewhere. As we have
seen, there is no reason to estimate the amount of silver which would
be absorbed in this operation at more than five hundred millions. The
miners are making all this agitation for the sake of that share which
they could get in furnishing this sum. That share would really not
exceed the silver they had on hand when the law was put in force.
ANTAGONISTIC INTERESTS OF MINERS AND POPULISTS.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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