The Foundation of the Ottoman Empire; a history of the Osmanlis up to the death of Bayezid I (1300-1403)Gibbons, Herbert Adams
History
The Foundation of the Ottoman Empire; a history of the Osmanlis up to the death of Bayezid I (1300-1403)
Gibbons, Herbert Adams
Turkey -- History -- 1288-1453
[513] See the sources and references for Nicopolis grouped in the
classified bibliography. Although the citations in the text of my
narrative are mostly from Froissart and Schiltberger, all chronicles
and contemporary sources available have been used in the preparation
of this section, especially Bellaguet’s edition of _Religieux de
Saint-Denis_, ii. 425-30, 483-522 (Bellaguet’s notes, however, on these
sections are very disappointing).
[514] Froissart, pp. 218, 221, 223.
[515] Ibid., pp. 227-8, 230, 394-8. A complete list of the chevaliers,
compiled from sources, is found in Buchon, and, in much more complete
and accurate form, in Delaville Leroulx, ii. 78-86.
[516] Froissart, and other earlier writers, have several ways of
designating Bayezid. Froissart calls him Amorath-Baquin (p. 216),
Amorath (p. 226), le roy Basaach, dit l’Amourath-Bacquin(p. 230),
l’Amourath-Bacquin many times, and l’Amourath three times in one
paragraph (p. 311). Chroniclers and writers of the fifteenth century
were continually confusing Bayezid with Murad (cf. Cuspianus,
Secundinus, Sylvius Aeneas, Donado da Lezze, Paolo Giovio, _et
al._). From the different ways Froissart designates Bayezid, it is
very clear that he is not mixing him with Murad, but that by ‘dit
l’Amourath-Bacquin’ he means ‘_l’émir-pacha_’. The fact that he uses
the definite article so frequently and says several times ‘l’Amourath’
is proof positive of this. His transcription of the title _emir_, and
that of many other western writers, led later historians to think the
chroniclers meant Murad! It is merely a coincidence that the words are
so similar. Froissart, however, would be capable of mistaking Murad
for Bayezid. On p. 216 he calls Sigismund Henry, and on p. 334 Louis!
Olivier de la Marche (éd. Beaune et d’Arbuthnot), i. 83-4, speaks twice
of ‘Lamourath-bahy’. Here, too, there is not a confusion of Murad and
Bayezid. He, like Froissart, means to say ‘l’amiral-pacha’. On ‘amiral’
for ‘emir’ see above, p. 163, _n._ 2.
[517] Froissart, pp. 230-1, 242.
[518] Donado da Lezze, p. 9.
[519] Leunclavius, _Hist. Musul. Turc._, preface, p. 14, speaks of
how grateful Sigismund was later for the services rendered to him
personally by the Burgrave in the Nicopolis campaign, and that the
friendship formed then led to the later advancement of the house of
Brandenburg.
[520] Wylie, i. 6, 158, quoting Ducas, 13, and _Venetian State Papers_
(Brown), i. 85. Ducas knew nothing of Nicopolis, while the Venetian
reference is based on a misapprehension.
[521] Lavisse, _Histoire de France_, iv. 311: ‘on l’avait vu à la
bataille de Nicopoli sur les bords de la Baltique avec les chevaliers
_teutoniques_.’ Lavisse has evidently mixed up the Nicopolis expedition
with the earlier Prussian one in which Henry did take part. His
statement on the same page that Henry IV took part in the Boucicaut
expedition is another error.
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