But could not experience have given a contrary result? Would this
contrary result have been absurd in itself? Evidently not. What should
we have done then if experience had given this contrary result? Would
all geometry thus have become impossible? Not the least in the world. We
should have contented ourselves with concluding _that touch can operate
at a distance_.
When I say, touch does not operate at a distance, but sight operates at
a distance, this assertion has only one meaning, which is as follows: To
recognize whether _B_ occupies at the instant [beta] the point occupied
by _A_ at the instant [alpha], I can use a multitude of different
criteria. In one my eye intervenes, in another my first finger, in
another my second finger, etc. Well, it is sufficient for the criterion
relative to one of my fingers to be satisfied in order that all the
others should be satisfied, but it is not sufficient that the criterion
relative to the eye should be. This is the sense of my assertion. I
content myself with affirming an experimental fact which is ordinarily
verified.
At the end of the preceding chapter we analyzed visual space; we saw
that to engender this space it is necessary to bring in the retinal
sensations, the sensation of convergence and the sensation of
accommodation; that if these last two were not always in accord, visual
space would have four dimensions in place of three; we also saw that if
we brought in only the retinal sensations, we should obtain 'simple
visual space,' of only two dimensions. On the other hand, consider
tactile space, limiting ourselves to the sensations of a single finger,
that is in sum to the assemblage of positions this finger can occupy.
This tactile space that we shall analyze in the following section and
which consequently I ask permission not to consider further for the
moment, this tactile space, I say, has three dimensions. Why has space
properly so called as many dimensions as tactile space and more than
simple visual space? It is because touch does not operate at a distance,
while vision does operate at a distance. These two assertions have the
same meaning and we have just seen what this is.
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