The Foundations of the Origin of Species: Two Essays written in 1842 and 1844Darwin, Charles
Philosophy
The Foundations of the Origin of Species: Two Essays written in 1842 and 1844
Darwin, Charles
Evolution (Biology); Natural selection
Variation
On the hereditary tendency
Causes of Variation
On Selection
Crossing Breeds
Whether our domestic races have descended from one or more wild stocks
Limits to Variation in degree and kind
In what consists Domestication--Summary
CHAPTER II 81-111
ON THE VARIATION OF ORGANIC BEINGS IN A WILD STATE;
ON THE NATURAL MEANS OF SELECTION; AND ON THE
COMPARISON OF DOMESTIC RACES AND TRUE SPECIES.
Variation
Natural means of Selection
Differences between "Races" and "Species":-first, in their trueness
or variability
Difference between "Races" and "Species" in fertility when crossed
Causes of Sterility in Hybrids
Infertility from causes distinct from hybridisation
Points of Resemblance between "Races" and "Species"
External characters of Hybrids and Mongrels
Summary
Limits of Variation
CHAPTER III 112-132
ON THE VARIATION OF INSTINCTS AND OTHER MENTAL
ATTRIBUTES UNDER DOMESTICATION AND IN A STATE OF
NATURE; ON THE DIFFICULTIES IN THIS SUBJECT; AND
ON ANALOGOUS DIFFICULTIES WITH RESPECT TO CORPOREAL
STRUCTURES.
Variation of mental attributes under domestication
Hereditary habits compared with instincts
Variation in the mental attributes of wild animals
Principles of Selection applicable to instincts
Difficulties in the acquirement of complex instincts by Selection
Difficulties in the acquirement by Selection of complex corporeal
structures
PART II
ON THE EVIDENCE FAVOURABLE AND OPPOSED TO THE VIEW
THAT SPECIES ARE NATURALLY FORMED RACES, DESCENDED
FROM COMMON STOCKS.
CHAPTER IV 133-143
ON THE NUMBER OF INTERMEDIATE FORMS REQUIRED ON THE
THEORY OF COMMON DESCENT; AND ON THEIR ABSENCE
IN A FOSSIL STATE
CHAPTER V 144-150
GRADUAL APPEARANCE AND DISAPPEARANCE OF SPECIES.
Gradual appearance of species
Extinction of species
CHAPTER VI
ON THE GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF ORGANIC BEINGS
IN PAST AND PRESENT TIMES.
SECTION FIRST 151-174
Distribution of the inhabitants in the different continents
Relation of range in genera and species
Distribution of the inhabitants in the same continent
Insular Faunas
Alpine Floras
Cause of the similarity in the floras of some distant mountains
Whether the same species has been created more than once
On the number of species, and of the classes to which they belong
in different regions
SECOND SECTION 174-182
Geographical distribution of extinct organisms
Changes in geographical distribution
Summary on the distribution of living and extinct organic beings
SECTION THIRD 183-197
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