The Foundations of the Origin of Species: Two Essays written in 1842 and 1844Darwin, Charles
Philosophy
The Foundations of the Origin of Species: Two Essays written in 1842 and 1844
Darwin, Charles
Evolution (Biology); Natural selection
{109} The absence of intermediate forms between living organisms
(and also as regards fossils) is discussed in the _Origin_, Ed. i.
pp. 279, 280, vi. p. 413. In the above discussion there is no
evidence that the author felt this difficulty so strongly as it is
expressed in the _Origin_, Ed. i. p. 299,--as perhaps "the most
obvious and gravest objection that can be urged against my theory."
But in a rough summary written on the back of the penultimate page
of the MS. he refers to the geological evidence:--"Evidence, as far
as it does go, is favourable, exceedingly incomplete,--greatest
difficulty on this theory. I am convinced not insuperable."
Buckland's remarks are given in the _Origin_, Ed. i. p. 329, vi. p.
471.
{110} That the evidence of geology, as far as it goes, is
favourable to the theory of descent is claimed in the _Origin_, Ed.
i. pp. 343-345, vi. pp. 490-492. For the reference to _net_ in the
following sentence, see Note 1, p. 48, {Note 161} of this Essay.
Referring only to marine animals, which are obviously most likely to be
preserved, they must live where <?> sediment (of a kind favourable for
preservation, not sand and pebble){111} is depositing quickly and over
large area and must be thickly capped, <illegible> littoral deposits:
for otherwise denudation <will destroy them>,--they must live in a
shallow space which sediment will tend to fill up,--as movement is <in?>
progress if soon brought <?> up <?> subject to denudation,--[if] as
during subsidence favourable, accords with facts of European
deposits{112}, but subsidence apt to destroy agents which produce
sediment{113}.
{111} See _Origin_, Ed. i. p. 288, vi. p. 422. "The remains that do
become embedded, if in sand and gravel, will, when the beds are
upraised, generally be dissolved by the percolation of rain-water."
{112} The position of the following is not clear:--"Think of
immense differences in nature of European deposits,--without
interposing new causes,--think of time required by present slow
changes, to cause, on very same area, such diverse deposits,
iron-sand, chalk, sand, coral, clay!"
{113} The paragraph which ends here is difficult to interpret. In
spite of obscurity it is easy to recognize the general resemblance
to the discussion on the importance of subsidence given in the
_Origin_, Ed. i. pp. 290 et seq., vi. pp. 422 et seq.
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