New England -- History -- Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775
It is needless to point out that the latter accorded with the whole
doctrine and polity of the Massachusetts church and state, while the
former would have undermined both as constituted. To many, the preaching
of a religion of love, as contrasted with the harsh tenets of the
established doctrine of law and judgment, brought a joy and peace they
had sought in vain in the latter, and Mrs. Hutchinson's followers grew
rapidly in number. Among them were included Mr. Cotton himself,—who,
however, drew back in the succeeding turmoil,—and the new young Governor
of the colony, Sir Harry Vane.
Vane, as yet but twenty-three years old, high-born and brilliant, but
immature, had arrived in the autumn of 1635 in the ship that brought the
Reverend Hugh Peter and John Winthrop, Jr. He had come over, as had the
younger Winthrop, in connection with the plantation project of Lords
Say, Brook, and others; but he remained in Boston, and was soon admitted
a member of Cotton's church. During the preceding years there had been
from time to time various disagreements between Winthrop and Dudley,
both of whom had occupied the office of governor, the troubles arising
largely from Dudley's touchy and overbearing nature. Reconciliations had
been effected by the kindly and patient Winthrop, and the petty quarrels
are of practically no historical importance, save in that the people had
taken sides to a certain extent. Vane and Peter had been but a few
months in the colony, when, for reasons best known to themselves, they
undertook to arrange a meeting between Governor Haynes, the two
ex-governors, the three clergymen, Cotton, Hooker, and Wilson, and
themselves. The discussion finally centred upon whether the mildness of
Winthrop or the severity of the fanatical Dudley was the wiser in
governing the colony. The question, as usual, was referred to the
ministers for their opinion, who gave it in favor of “strict discipline”
for the honor and safety of the gospel. Whereupon, Winthrop acknowledged
that he had been too lenient, and promised a stricter course thereafter,
and Massachusetts took one more step backward.[403] The following spring
Vane was elected governor.
Footnote 403:
J. Winthrop, _History_, vol. I, pp. 211 _ff._
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