New England -- History -- Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775
Although settlement was proceeding slowly and painfully, the vast
forests and many rivers of the province offered a rich field for the
exploitation of the fur trade, which was the main object of the French
in the north, and one of the principal resources of the English
settlements as well. The traffic, indeed, had been the means by which
the Plymouth Pilgrims had bought their freedom from their merchant
partners, and we have already noted that colony's activities on the
Kennebec. A tragic incident that occurred at their little post on that
stream, located at what is now Augusta, is of interest mainly as
revealing the aggressive attitude which was later to become the settled
policy of the Massachusetts colony in relation to its neighbors. Early
in 1634, one Hocking, a fellow employed in an enterprise of Lords Say,
Brook, and others, on the Piscataqua, tried to poach upon the Pilgrims'
patented lands, and even to pass the trading station, in order to
intercept the Indians carrying their furs. The Pilgrims' agents acted
with restraint; but in the course of the dispute, Hocking wantonly
killed one of their men; whereupon a companion of the slain man, “that
loved him well,” as Bradford records, shot Hocking dead.[429]
Footnote 429:
Bradford, _Plymouth_, p. 317.
Although the Plymouth men had been entirely in the right, a garbled
version of the affair was sent to England and also to Massachusetts.
Needless to point out, that colony had absolutely no jurisdiction
whatever in the quarrel, which had occurred far outside its bounds, and
not even in the unclaimed wilderness, but within the legal limits of its
older neighbor. Nevertheless, the authorities at Boston arrested John
Alden, one of the Plymouth magistrates, who happened to be there at the
moment, and who had been at the Kennebec when the affray occurred.[430]
This was naturally resented, even by the peace-loving Pilgrims, and
letters requesting Alden's release were dispatched by the Plymouth
government to Dudley. One of these, at least, that governor tried to
suppress, but “Captaine Standish requiring an answer thereof publickly
in the courte,” he was forced to produce it.[431] Alden was released,
but Standish, who had been the bearer of the letter, was bound over to
appear at the next Massachusetts court, to testify to the Pilgrims'
patent. Finally, after Winslow and Bradford themselves had gone to
Boston and conferred with Winthrop, the matter was adjusted, and Dudley
and Winthrop wrote to the Lords in England the true version of the
murder; but it was not likely that the other settlements would soon
forget the high-handed proceedings of the Bay Colony in an affair so
obviously beyond its jurisdiction.[432]
Footnote 430:
J. Winthrop, _History_, vol. I, p. 156; _Massachusetts Records_, vol.
I, p. 119.
Footnote 431:
Dudley's reply, in Bradford, _Plymouth_, p. 320.
Footnote 432:
J. Winthrop, _History_, vol. I, pp. 162, 174.
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