Let fig. 9 represent a cube passing transverse to the plane. It will
appear to the plane being as a square object, but the matter of which
this object is composed will be continually altering. One material
particle takes the place of another, but it does not come from anywhere
or go anywhere in the space which the plane being knows.
The analogous manner of representing a higher solid in our case, is to
conceive it as composed of a number of sections, each lying a little
further off in the unknown direction than the preceding.
[Illustration: Fig. 10.]
We can represent these sections as a number of solids. Thus the cubes
A, B, C, D, may be considered as the sections at different intervals in
the unknown dimension of a higher cube. Arranged thus their coherence
in the higher figure is destroyed, they are mere representations.
A motion in the fourth dimension from A through B, C, etc., would be
continuous, but we can only represent it as the occupation of the
positions A, B, C, etc., in succession. We can exhibit the results of
the motion at different stages, but no more.
In this representation we have left out the distance between one
section and another; we have considered the higher body merely as a
series of sections, and so left out its contents. The only way to
exhibit its contents is to call in the aid of the conception of motion.
[Illustration: Fig. 11.]
If a higher cube passes transverse to our space, it will appear as
a cube isolated in space, the part that has not come into our space
and the part that has passed through will not be visible. The gradual
passing through our space would appear as the change of the matter
of the cube before us. One material particle in it is succeeded by
another, neither coming nor going in any direction we can point to. In
this manner, by the duration of the figure, we can exhibit the higher
dimensionality of it; a cube of our matter, under the circumstances
supposed, namely, that it has a motion transverse to our space, would
instantly disappear. A higher cube would last till it had passed
transverse to our space by its whole distance of extension in the
fourth dimension.
As the plane being can think of the cube as consisting of sections,
each like a figure he knows, extending away from his plane, so we can
think of a higher solid as composed of sections, each like a solid
which we know, but extending away from our space.
Thus, taking a higher cube, we can look on it as starting from a cube
in our space and extending in the unknown dimension.
[Illustration: Fig. 12.]
Take the face A and conceive it to exist as simply a face, a square
with no thickness. From this face the cube in our space extends by the
occupation of space which we can see.
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