The points determined are marked off in the diagram fig. 72, and lines
are drawn joining the adjacent pairs in each figure, the lines being
dotted when they pass within the substance of the cube in the first two
diagrams.
Opposite each point, on one side or the other of each cube, is written
its name. It will be noticed that the figures are symmetrical right and
left; and right and left the first two numbers are simply interchanged.
Now this being our selection of points, what figure do they make when
all are put together in their proper relative positions?
To determine this we must find the distance between corresponding
corners of the separate hexagons.
[Illustration: Fig. 73.]
To do this let us keep the axes _i_, _j_, in our space, and draw _h_
instead of _k_, letting _k_ run out in the fourth dimension, fig. 73.
Here we have four cubes again, in the first of which all the points are
0_k_ points; that is, points at a distance zero in the _k_ direction
from the space of the three dimensions _ijh_. We have all the points
selected before, and some of the distances, which in the last diagram
led from figure to figure are shown here in the same figure, and so
capable of measurement. Take for instance the points 3120 to 3021,
which in the first diagram (fig. 72) lie in the first and second
figures. Their actual relation is shown in fig. 73 in the cube marked
2K, where the points in question are marked with a *. We see that the
distance in question is the diagonal of a unit square. In like manner
we find that the distance between corresponding points of any two
hexagonal figures is the diagonal of a unit square. The total figure
is now easily constructed. An idea of it may be gained by drawing all
the four cubes in the catalogue figure in one (fig. 74). These cubes
are exact repetitions of one another, so one drawing will serve as a
representation of the whole series, if we take care to remember where
we are, whether in a 0_h_, a 1_h_, a 2_h_, or a 3_h_ figure, when we
pick out the points required. Fig. 74 is a representation of all the
catalogue cubes put in one. For the sake of clearness the front faces
and the back faces of this cube are represented separately.
[Illustration: Fig. 74.]
The figure determined by the selected points is shown below.
In putting the sections together some of the outlines in them
disappear. The line TW for instance is not wanted.
We notice that PQTW and TWRS are each the half of a hexagon. Now QV and
VR lie in one straight line. Hence these two hexagons fit together,
forming one hexagon, and the line TW is only wanted when we consider a
section of the whole figure, we thus obtain the solid represented in
the lower part of fig. 74. Equal repetitions of this figure, called a
tetrakaidecagon, will fill up three-dimensional space.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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