These are shown in the figure and we find that we can draw them without
confusion, forming the second hexagon from the front. Going on in this
way it will be seen that in each of the five figures a set of hexagons
is picked out, which put together form a three-space figure something
like the tetrakaidecagon.
[Illustration: Fig. 76.]
These separate figures are the successive stages in which the whole
four-dimensional figure in which they cohere can be apprehended.
The first figure and the last are tetrakaidecagons. These are two
of the solid boundaries of the figure. The other solid boundaries
can be traced easily. Some of them are complete from one face in the
figure to the corresponding face in the next, as for instance the
solid which extends from the hexagonal base of the first figure to the
equal hexagonal base of the second figure. This kind of boundary is a
hexagonal prism. The hexagonal prism also occurs in another sectional
series, as for instance, in the square at the bottom of the first
figure, the oblong at the base of the second and the square at the base
of the third figure.
Other solid boundaries can be traced through four of the five sectional
figures. Thus taking the hexagon at the top of the first figure we
find in the next a hexagon also, of which some alternate sides are
elongated. The top of the third figure is also a hexagon with the other
set of alternate rules elongated, and finally we come in the fourth
figure to a regular hexagon.
These four sections are the sections of a tetrakaidecagon as can
be recognised from the sections of this figure which we have had
previously. Hence the boundaries are of two kinds, hexagonal prisms and
tetrakaidecagons.
These four-dimensional figures exactly fill four-dimensional space by
equal repetitions of themselves.
CHAPTER XI
NOMENCLATURE AND ANALOGIES PRELIMINARY TO THE STUDY OF FOUR-DIMENSIONAL
FIGURES
In the following pages a method of designating different regions of
space by a systematic colour scheme has been adopted. The explanations
have been given in such a manner as to involve no reference to models,
the diagrams will be found sufficient. But to facilitate the study a
description of a set of models is given in an appendix which the reader
can either make for himself or obtain. If models are used the diagrams
in Chapters XI. and XII. will form a guide sufficient to indicate their
use. Cubes of the colours designated by the diagrams should be picked
out and used to reinforce the diagrams. The reader, in the following
description, should suppose that a board or wall stretches away from
him, against which the figures are placed.
[Illustration: Fig. 77.]
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