The freedom of the seas : $b or, The right which belongs to the Dutch to take part in the East Indian tradeGrotius, Hugo
Philosophy
The freedom of the seas : $b or, The right which belongs to the Dutch to take part in the East Indian trade
Grotius, Hugo
Freedom of the seas; Law of the sea
_Nec te, quod classis centenis remigat alis,
Terreat: INVITO labitur illa MARI:
Quodve vehunt prorae Centaurica saxa minantes,
Tigna cava et pictos experiere metus.
Frangit et attollit vires in milite causa;
Quae nisi iusta subest, excutit arma pudor._[184a]
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the opinion of many philosophers and theologians[182] differ more in
name than in fact, and as peace is a harmonious agreement based not
on individual whim, but on well ordered regulations.
If however a truce is arranged for, it is quite clear from the very
nature of a truce, that during its continuance no one’s condition
ought to change for the worse, inasmuch as both parties stand on the
equivalent of a _uti possidetis_.
But if we are driven into war by the injustice of our enemies, the
justice of our cause ought to bring hope and confidence in a happy
outcome. “For,” as Demosthenes has said, “every one fights his
hardest to recover what he has lost; but when men endeavor to gain at
the expense of others it is not so.”[183] The Emperor Alexander has
expressed his idea in this way: ‘Those who begin unjust deeds, must
bear the greatest blame; but those who repel aggressors are twice
armed, both with courage because of their just cause, and with the
highest hope because they are not doing a wrong, but are warding off
a wrong’.
Therefore, if it be necessary, arise, O nation unconquered on the
sea, and fight boldly, not only for your own liberty, but for that of
the human race. “Nor let it fright thee that their fleet is winged,
each ship, with an hundred oars. The sea whereon it sails will have
none of it. And though the prows bear figures threatening to cast
rocks such as Centaurs throw, thou shalt find them but hollow planks
and painted terrors. ’Tis his cause that makes or mars a soldier’s
strength. If the cause be not just, shame strikes the weapon from his
hands.”[184]
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