The French Revolution: A Short HistoryJohnston, R. M. (Robert Matteson)
History
The French Revolution: A Short History
Johnston, R. M. (Robert Matteson)
France -- History -- Revolution, 1789-1799
There was one question, however, on which the _Feuillants_ and
Brissot's wing of the Jacobins agreed; both wanted war. La Fayette,
chief figure among the _Feuillants_, had sunk rapidly in popularity
since his repression of the mob in July. In October he had resigned
his command of the national guard. In November he had been defeated by
the Jacobin Petion for the mayoralty of Paris. He now hoped for a
military command, and saw in war the opportunity for consolidating a
victorious army by means of which the King and Constitution might be
imposed on Paris.
Brissot, ambitious and self-confident, his {132} head turned at the
prospect of a conflagration, saw in a European war a field large enough
in which to develop his untried statesmanship. The pretexts for war
lay ready to hand. There was not only the tense situation arising
between Austria and France because of the relation between the two
reigning families, but there was also acute friction over certain
territories belonging to German sovereign princes, such as those of
Salm or Montbeliard, that were enclaved within the French border.
Could the extinction of the feudal rights hold over such territory as
German princes held within the borders of France? Such was the
vexatious question which those princes were carrying to their supreme
tribunal, that of the Emperor at Vienna.
The opposition to the war was not so weighty. Louis realized the
danger clearly enough, and knew that Austrian success would be visited
on his head. Yet he was so helpless that he had to call the
_Feuillant_ nominee, Count Louis de Narbonne, his own natural cousin,
to the ministry of war. The King was not alone in his opposition to
the war,--Robespierre and Marat, nearly in accord, both stood for
peace. Robespierre, from the first, had foreseen the course of the
Revolution, had {133} prophetically feared the success of some soldier
of fortune,--he was at this moment that unknown lieutenant of
artillery, Napoleone Buonaparte,--who should with a stroke of the sword
convert the Revolution to his purposes. Marat, in his more hectic,
malevolent, uncertain way, was haunted by the same presentiment, and
what he saw in war was this: "What afflicts the friends of liberty is
that we have more to fear from success than from defeat . . . the
danger is lest one of our generals be crowned with victory and
lest . . . he lead his victorious army against the capital to secure
the triumph of the Despot. I invoke heaven that we may meet with
constant defeat . . . and that our soldiers . . . drown their leaders
in their own blood."--This Marat wrote on the 24th of April 1792, in
his little pamphlet newspaper _l'Ami du peuple_.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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