_From an Engraving, after Michon, in the Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris._ CONDORCET " 268 _From an Engraving by Lemort, after the Bust by St. Aubin._ SOME SOURCES OF INFORMATION D’Alembert. _Joseph Bertrand._ Œuvres et Correspondance inédites. _D’Alembert._ Correspondance avec d’Alembert. _Marquise du Deffand._ Diderot and the Encyclopædists. _John Morley._ Éloge de d’Alembert. _Condorcet._ Œuvres. _Diderot._ Diderot. _Reinach._ Diderot, l’Homme et l’Ecrivain. _Ducros._ Diderot. _Scherer._ Diderot et Catherine II. _Tourneux._ Ferdinando Galiani, Correspondance, Étude, etc. _Perrey et Maugras._ Lettres de l’Abbé Galiani. _Eugène Asse._ Mémoires et Correspondance. _Madame d’Épinay._ Jeunesse de Madame d’Épinay. _Perrey et Maugras._ Dernières Années de Madame d’Épinay. _Perrey et Maugras._ Mémoires. _Marmontel._ Mémoires. _Morellet._ Causeries du Lundi. _Sainte-Beuve._ Vauvenargues. _Paléologue._ Œuvres et Éloge de Vauvenargues. _D. L. Gilbert._ Melchior Grimm. _Scherer._ Rousseau. _John Morley._ Miscellanies. _John Morley._ Correspondance Littéraire. _Grimm et Diderot._ Turgot. _Léon Say._ Turgot. _W. B. Hodgson._ Œuvres. _Turgot._ Vie de Turgot. _Condorcet._ Correspondance inédite de Condorcet et Turgot. _C. Henry._ La Marquise de Condorcet. _Guillois._ Vie de Condorcet. _Robinet._ Beaumarchais et Son Temps. _Loménie._ Beaumarchais. _Hallays._ Théâtre de Beaumarchais. La Fin de l’Ancien Régime. _Imbert de Saint-Amand._ French Revolution. _Carlyle._ Critical Essays. _Carlyle._ Correspondance. _Voltaire._ Portraits Littéraires du XVIIIe Siècle. _La Harpe._ Cours de Littérature. _La Harpe._ Mémoire sur Helvétius. _Damiron._ Le Salon de Madame Helvétius. _Guillois._ Histoire de la Philosophie Moderne. _Buhle._ Life of Hume. _Burton._ The Private Correspondence of Garrick with Celebrated Persons. Mémoires pour servir à l’Histoire de la Philosophie. _Damiron._ Letters. _Laurence Sterne._ THE FRIENDS OF VOLTAIRE I _D’ALEMBERT: THE THINKER_ Of that vast intellectual movement which prepared the way for the most stupendous event in history, the French Revolution, Voltaire was the creative spirit. But there was a group of men, less famous but not less great, who also heralded the coming of the new heaven and the new earth; who were in a strict sense friends and fellow-workers of Voltaire, although one or two of them were personally little known to him; whose aim was his aim, to destroy from among the people ‘ignorance, the curse of God,’ and who were, as he was, the prophets and the makers of a new dispensation. That many of these light bringers were themselves full of darkness, is true enough; but they brought the light not the less, and in their own breasts burnt one cleansing flame, the passion for humanity.