APPENDIX B. THE BALKAN STATES BEFORE AND AFTER THE WARS OF 1912-1913 345 APPENDIX C. CLASSIFICATION OF LANGUAGES SPOKEN IN EUROPE 346 APPENDIX D. A SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY 348 APPENDIX E. KEY TO PLACE NAMES 357 INDEX 367 LIST OF PLATES I. The Franco-Flemish linguistic boundary 22 II. The Franco-German linguistic boundary in Alsace-Lorraine 46 III. Austria-Hungary and parts of southeastern Europe showing languages 82 IV. The area of Polish speech 118 V. Railroads In Turkey showing their connections and extensions 248 VI. European spheres of influence and territorial claims in Turkey 266 VII. Part of Asiatic Turkey showing distribution of peoples 274 VIII. Distribution of Armenians in Turkish Armenia 294 IX. Part of Europe showing languages having political significance 334 INTRODUCTION BY MADISON GRANT Mr. Dominian’s book on “The Frontiers of Language and Nationality” is the logical outcome of the articles written by him in 1915 in the Bulletin of the American Geographical Society under the titles of “Linguistic Areas in Europe: Their Boundaries and Political Significance” and “The Peoples of Northern and Central Asiatic Turkey.” In the present work the problems arising from the distribution of main European languages and from their relation to political boundaries are discussed with clearness and brilliancy. The text embodies a vast collection of facts and data laboriously collected by the author, who has applied to the subject his familiarity with Eastern languages, as well as an impartial vision which is hard to find in these days when our judgments are so warped by the tragedy of the Great War.