The Frontiers of Language and Nationality in EuropeDominian, Leon
History
The Frontiers of Language and Nationality in Europe
Dominian, Leon
Europe -- Languages; Nationalism
FIG. 33--The Slavic colonies of the Molise group in eastern Italy
are shown by black dots.]
The Turkish conquest of Greece also forced many Greek families to
seek safety on the Italian mainland. As a result, two communities
of Greek speech are found on Italian territory at Lecce in the
province of Puglia and at Bora in Calabria. The vernacular of
both these regions contains a strong proportion of Italian words
without, however, losing its affinity with the original mother
tongue. The Lecce community consists of 4,973 families scattered in
nine communi. The southern group is represented by 2,389 families
settled in four communi of the Bora district, in Reggio di Calabria
and in Palizzi. Altogether Greek is spoken as a vernacular by
30,700 inhabitants of Italy.
Still another reminder of the Turkish conquests of the fifteenth
and sixteenth centuries is afforded by the presence of an Albanian
element living along the eastern coast of Italy. This group
consists of between 80,000 and 90,000 Albanians speaking their
own language. The purity of Albanian speech and custom has been
preserved by them on the alien soil skirting western Adriatic
waters.[68]
This total shows a marked decrease from the figure of 96,000
reported in the census of 1901. Emigration accounts mainly for
this loss. At the same time, a tendency among Albanians to forsake
their vernacular for Italian is discernible as intercourse with the
dominant element increases.
All these nuclei of foreign languages cannot impair the unity of
Italian nationality because the racial distinctions on which they
are based have been largely obliterated. The final supremacy of
Italian language is already in sight. From the valleys of Piedmont
to the eastern coastlands which face Albania, the alien tongues are
giving way before the national vernacular, perhaps just because no
pressure or effort to hasten their disappearance is being exerted
by the government.
TABLE I
INHABITANTS OF ITALY SPEAKING NON-ITALIAN VERNACULARS[69]
Number of Families[70]
(Average of four persons
LANGUAGE Localities to the family)
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