James Brown Scott, _Director of the Division of International Law_. WASHINGTON, D.C. _February 28, 1921._ CONTENTS INTRODUCTION PAGE 1. International law in the past 1 2. No international law in antiquity 1 3. How the conception of a family of nations arose 2 4. The law of nature as the basis of the law of nations 2 5. Positive international law 4 6. International legislation initiated by the Congress of Vienna 4 7. International Administrative Union 5 8. Legislation of the Peace Conferences and of the Naval Conference of London 5 9. The Permanent Court of Arbitration and other international courts 6 10. The Hague Peace Conferences as a permanent institution 6 11. Uncertainty as to the fate of the Declaration of London and of some of the Hague Conventions 7 12. The task of the future 7 CHAPTER I THE ORGANIZATION OF THE SOCIETY OF STATES 13. Is the law of nations an anarchic law? 9 14. All law is order 9 15. The family of nations is a society ruled by law although it does not as yet possess special organs 10 16. Not necessary that the family of nations should remain an unorganized society 11 17. The pacificist ideal of an organization of the family of nations 11 18. The world-state is not desirable 12 19. The world-state would not exclude war 13 20. War may gradually disappear without a world-state 14 21. Importance of pacificism 15 22. Impossible for the family of nations to organize itself on the model of the state 16 23. Impossible to draft a plan for the complete organization of the family of nations 16 24. The Permanent Court of Arbitration the nucleus of the future organization of the family of nations 17 25. The Hague Peace Conferences as organs of the family of nations 17 26. Outlines of a constitution of the family of nations 18 27. The proposed constitution leaves state-sovereignty intact 20 28.