------- | | | 7. | 1 | 1 | It might be thought that the proper | | | ------- ------- | | | Diagram would be | 1 1 |, in order to express "some | | | ------- x exist": but this is really contained in "some x are y'." To put a red counter on the division-line would only tell us "ONE OF THE compartments is occupied", which we know already, in knowing that ONE is occupied. ------- | | | 8. No x are y. i.e. | 0 | | | | | ------- ------- | | | 9. Some x are y'. i.e. | | 1 | | | | ------- ------- | | | 10. All x are y. i.e. | 1 | 0 | | | | ------- ------- | | | 11. Some x are y. i.e. | 1 | | | | | ------- ------- | | | 12. No x are y. i.e. | 0 | | | | | ------- ------- | | | 13. Some x are y, and some are y'. i.e. | 1 | 1 | | | | ------- ------- | | | 14. All x are y'. i.e. | 0 | 1 | | | | ------- --- | | 15. No y are x'. i.e. |---| | 0 | --- --- | 1 | 16. All y are x. i.e. |---| | 0 | --- --- | 0 | 17. No y exist. i.e. |---| | 0 | --- --- | | 18. Some y are x'. i.e. |---| | 1 | --- --- | | 15. Some y exist. i.e. |-1-| | | --- 3. Half of Smaller Diagram. Symbols interpreted. __________ 1. No x are y'. 2. No x exist. 3. Some x exist. 4. All x are y'. 5. Some x are y. i.e. Some good riddles are hard. 6. All x are y. i.e. All good riddles are hard. 7. No x exist. i.e. No riddles are good. 8. No x are y. i.e. No good riddles are hard.