He is a-person-whom-I-sent-to-bring-me-a-kitten; He is a-person-who-brought-me-a-kettle-by-mistake. The latter form seems best, as the interest of the anecdote clearly depends on HIS stupidity--not on what happened to ME. Let us then make m = "he"; x = "persons whom I sent, &c."; and y = "persons who brought, &c." Hence, All m are x; All m are y. and the required Diagram is --------------- | | | | ---|--- | | | 1 | 0 | | |---|---|---|---| | | 0 | 0 | | | ---|--- | | | | --------------- 7. Both Diagrams employed. ------- | 0 | | 1. |---|---| i.e. All y are x'. | 1 | | ------- ------- | | 1 | 2. |---|---| i.e. Some x are y'; or, Some y' are x. | | | ------- ------- | | | 3. |---|---| i.e. Some y are x'; or, Some x' are y. | 1 | | ------- ------- | | | 4. |---|---| i.e. No x' are y'; or, No y' are x'. | | 0 | ------- ------- | 0 | | 5. |---|---| i.e. All y are x'. i.e. All black rabbits | 1 | | are young. ------- ------- | | | 6. |---|---| i.e. Some y are x'. i.e. Some black | 1 | | rabbits are young. ------- ------- | 1 | 0 | 7. |---|---| i.e. All x are y. i.e. All well-fed birds | | | are happy. ------- ------- | | | i.e. Some x' are y'. i.e. Some birds, 8. |---|---| that are not well-fed, are unhappy; | | 1 | or, Some unhappy birds are not ------- well-fed. ------- | 1 | 0 | 9. |---|---| i.e. All x are y. i.e. John has got a | | | tooth-ache. ------- ------- | | | 10. |---|---| i.e. No x' are y. i.e. No one, but John, | 0 | | has got a tooth-ache. ------- ------- | 1 | | 11. |---|---| i.e. Some x are y. i.e. Some one, who | | | has taken a walk, feels better. ------- ------- | 1 | | i.e. Some x are y. i.e. Some one, 12. |---|---| whom I sent to bring me a kitten, | | | brought me a kettle by mistake. ------- --------------- | | 0 | | ---|--- | | | 0 | 0 | | 13. |-1-|---|---|---| ------- | | | | | | | 0 | | ---|--- | |---|---| | | 0 | | | | --------------- ------- Let "books" be Universe; m="exciting", x="that suit feverish patients"; y="that make one drowsy".