The headquarters of the pupil in the school are not in the classroom, as
in other public schools. It is the teacher and not the class which is
assigned to the room. The teacher remains in the room and the pupils go
to him or her, moving about individually from classroom, shop,
laboratory, etc., according to the printed schedule card which each
pupil holds. The child’s headquarters is the spacious lockers which line
the corridors in the basements. Each child has a private locker for
books, papers, and wraps. Strictly speaking, the pupil in the Gary
school, except in the lowest grades, has no “teacher,” except the
“register teacher.” The departmental system gives him many teachers, but
no teacher. This system and the self-governing responsibility for his
own schedule is intended to cultivate initiative and responsibility on
the part of the pupil. It brings him from an early age into contact with
different personalities, gives him the benefit of expert teaching and a
variety of movement and exercise. The introduction of these free college
methods into the common school is, in the light of public-school
practice, a daring experiment, but the Gary school experience seems to
show that it is quite possible to give the younger children a large
measure of freedom and individuality of treatment.
Most of the schedules of the pupils are arranged with reference to the
requirements of the state course of instruction, specialization not
being permitted, of course, except in the higher grades, or where some
special weakness causes repeated failure. Yet the Gary schools have
about twenty per cent of special students who do not intend to finish
the course and are specializing in some departments. But since, owing to
the individualization of schedules, every pupil is in a sense a “special
student,” the presence of this large number of students causes no
administrative confusion, nor are the special students—as would be the
case in many schools operated on a uniform plan—marked off invidiously
from those who are following the more regular course.
The segregation of sexes which the visitor finds in some of the Gary
schools and courses is not the result of any prejudice against
coeducation. (All the activities are open equally to boys and girls
alike, so that girls are found in the printing-shop and in the
wood-working classes, etc.) It is due to the effort to give each boy and
girl what he or she needs. The organization of many classes, such as
play, gymnasium, personal hygiene, and the manual activities which do
not appeal to the girls, or the domestic science which does not appeal
to the boys, required this unisexual classification, and sometimes it
has been retained to avoid the break-up of classes in related subjects.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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