An example of this effort to provide for all kinds of students in the
Gary school is the first-year college work which is offered to students
who wish to remain in the school for post-graduate work. The Gary school
endeavors thus to overlap the college, just as it has made the common
school dovetail into the high school, and the day school into the
evening school. When the Gary high-school students have come up through
the Gary schools, it is hoped to be able to send students from the local
schools at the age of eighteen so prepared that they may complete the
ordinary college course in two years.
A word should be said about the interrelation of this flexibility of
schedule with the “helper” system. The choice of what subjects the pupil
shall study is not as willful and anarchical as it may seem. In the
lower grades the regular studies are, of course, prescribed. English,
arithmetic, history, and geography must be studied by all, with the
attendant “application” and “auditorium” work. All must have physical
education, music and expression, and some form of manual and scientific
work. The courses in science, industrial work, and music and expression,
below the high school, are taken in alternation. Each occupies one third
of the school year. The individual choice of the pupil comes in what
science or what shop work he or she will take. The beginning is not by
chance, but really the result of a natural process of selection by the
child. All the early years are made a sort of unconscious prevocational
school in which the child tries out his interests and powers. Things are
neither forced on him nor aimlessly selected. The child in kindergarten
or first three grades moves about the halls and corridors. Since the
shops and studios and laboratories are not segregated, but distributed
over the building, so that all seem equally significant, the child has
every opportunity to become familiar with them. His curiosity is
aroused, and, unaided, he is tempted to peer in through the glass doors
and windows, and wonder what the older children are doing. When the
child has reached the fourth grade, he already has an idea of what
activity interests him, and what he would like to try. Fourth- and
fifth-grade children then go in as helpers to the seventh-, eighth-, and
ninth-grade students in shops, studios, and laboratories. If the child
finds the work does not interest him, he still has a chance to try some
other work, and thus gradually sifts out what is likely to be valuable
to him for a vocation or avocation. If he has special skill, he may
specialize in the higher grades. Such a plan seems to be admirably
devised to bring out whatever capacities there are in the pupils, and to
insure almost automatically their interest in work which in many schools
is mere unintelligent drudgery.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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