_Phyllomedusa_ Wagler, 1830 [Type species, _Rana bicolor_ Boddaert, 1772]. _Pithecopus_ Cope, 1866 [Type species, _Phyllomedusa azurea_ Cope, 1862 (=_Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis_ Daudin, 1803), by original designation]. _Hylomantis_ Peters, 1872 [Type species _Hylomantis aspera_ Peters, 1872, by monotypy]. _Phrynomedusa_ Miranda-Ribeiro, 1923 [Type species, _Phrynomedusa fimbriata_ Miranda-Ribeiro, 1923, by subsequent designation]. _Bradymedusa_ Miranda-Ribeiro, 1926 [Type species, _Bradymedusa moschada_ Miranda-Ribeiro, 1926 (=_Phyllomedusa rohdei_ Mertens, 1926) by subsequent designation]. _Definition._--Fingers and toes having greatly reduced webbing or lacking webs; terminal discs small; first toe shorter than, equal to, or longer than second, opposable or not; skin smooth or rugose having osteoderms or not; parotoid glands present, in most species, usually distinct and elevated; palpebral membrane not reticulate; iris uniformly silvery white to orange-bronze with black reticulations; skull moderate to deep, depth more than 38 per cent of length; nasals moderately small; frontoparietal fontanelle present, variable in size; quadratojugal reduced in some species; prevomerine teeth present or absent. _Range._--Low and moderate elevations in South America east of the Andes from the Caribbean (including Trinidad) to northern Argentina; Costa Rica and Panama in Central America. _Content._--Thirty-one species [synonyms in brackets]: _aspera_ (Peters, 1872); _ayeaye_ (B. Lutz, 1966); _bahiana_ A. Lutz, 1925; _bicolor_ (Boddaert, 1772) [_scleroderma_ Cope, 1868]; _blombergi_ Funkhouser, 1957; _boliviana_ Boulenger, 1902; _buckleyi_ Boulenger, 1882; _burmeisteri burmeisteri_ Boulenger, 1882; _burmeisteri distincta_ B. Lutz, 1950; _centralis_ Bokermann, 1965; _cochranae_ Bokermann, 1966; _coelestis_ (Cope, 1874); _edentula_ Andersson, 1945; _feltoni_ Shreve, 1935; _fimbriata_ (Miranda-Ribeiro, 1923) [_appendiculata_ A. Lutz, 1925]; _guttata_ A. Lutz, 1925; _hypochondrialis_ (Daudin, 1803) [_azurea_ Cope, 1862; _megacephala_ (Miranda-Ribeiro, 1926)]; _iheringi_ Boulenger, 1885; _lemur_ Boulenger, 1882; _loris_ Boulenger, 1912; _medinae_ Funkhouser, 1962; _nicefori_ Barbour, 1926; _orcesi_ Funkhouser, 1957; _pailona_ Shreve, 1959; _perlata_ Boulenger, 1882; _rohdei_ Mertens, 1926 [_moschada_ (Miranda-Ribeiro, 1926)]; _sauvagei_ Boulenger, 1882 [_rickettsii_ Guenther, 1897]; _tarsius_ (Cope, 1868); _tomopterna_ (Cope, 1868) [_palliata_ Peters, 1872]; _trinitatis_ Mertens, 1926, _vaillanti_ Boulenger, 1882, _venusta_ Duellmann and Trueb, 1967.