The genetic and the operative evidence relating to secondary sexual charactersMorgan, Thomas Hunt
Science
The genetic and the operative evidence relating to secondary sexual characters
Morgan, Thomas Hunt
Genetics; Poultry; Sex (Biology)
A hen-feathered male (No. 292) that was darker than the F₁ male--in
fact, almost black, except for a yellow center in some of the dorsal
feathers that were mossy or penciled--was castrated. The details of
characteristic feathers may be gathered from the feathers in plate 7,
figure 2. A corresponding set of the new feathers after castration,
2_a_, are paired with the former. The castrated male in his new plumage
is shown in plate 2, figure 3. His dorsal surface is colored very much
as is the same region in the F₁ bird, but the breast is very much
darker, so that the bird as a whole presents a very different appearance
from the F₁ castrated male. A very small white mass was found when the
bird was killed in place of the old testis, composed, in sections, of a
reticulated mass of cells that look like old broken-down follicles of
testicular tubules with a few cell-layers lining the tubules.
An F₂ male (68) also had dark feathers (plate 3, figure 2, and plate 9,
figure 1). The castrated male in his new plumage is represented in plate
3, figure 3. Here again the upper surface is much like that of the last
castrate, and also like that of the F₁ castrate. The breast has changed
much less than the back; the centers of the feather are brown with a
black margin and a black band at the tip. The exposed portion of the
secondaries and the coverts are not so brown as in the last bird. The
spurs of this bird were bent back, looking like the horns of a ram. When
killed and examined, several small white pieces, that looked like pieces
of testes, were found in the abdominal cavity near the old attachment of
the testis. A histological study showed that these pieces contained
tubular tissue apparently testicular, but without germ-cells.
Another F₂ male (Band No. 221) was yellow in general color, the feathers
being irregularly penciled. After castration (plate 3, figure 4) the
bird became red above and deep brown below; the tail and coverts were
black.
A pale-yellow hen-feathered bird (No. 218) was also castrated. Here also
the change was most conspicuous over the upper surface, not only in a
greater depth of color than elsewhere, but in the shape, etc., of the
feathers. On the breast the original yellow color remains, but is
slightly deepened. When killed and opened (May 14, 1919), a few small,
whitish pieces were found. When these were sectioned it was seen that
they were made up, for the most part, of tubules looking like those of
the epididymus and also a few testicular tubules. At the old situs there
were some regenerated lumps, which in sections appeared to be loose
glandular tissue. No germ-cells were present and the tissue just
referred to may be old testicular tubules.
HEWITT’S SEBRIGHT HEN THAT BECAME COCK-FEATHERED IN OLD AGE.
Darwin records in Chapter XIII of Animals and Plants under Domestication
a change that took place in an old female Sebright:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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