The genetic and the operative evidence relating to secondary sexual charactersMorgan, Thomas Hunt
Science
The genetic and the operative evidence relating to secondary sexual characters
Morgan, Thomas Hunt
Genetics; Poultry; Sex (Biology)
Falco aesalon, fide Scully. (Cf. Sharpe, ‘Cat. Birds Brit. Mus.,’
i, p. 407).
Tinnunculus alaudarius, fide Sharpe; col. fig. P. Z. S., 1874, p. 580.
Lanius collurio, fide Hoy.
Lanius vittatus, fide Blyth.
Ruticilla phœnicurus, fide Millais, Clarke and others.
Fringilla cœlebs, fide Clarke.
Linota cannabina, fide Blyth.
Linota rufescens, fide Blyth.
Nectarinia asiatica, fide Blyth.
Gallus (domestic fowl), fide Yarrell and others; col. fig. “B.
of Sherwood,” p. 183.
Pavo (peahen), fide Latham; fig. “Synopsis,” ii, pl. 60.
Meleagris (Turkey), fide Bechstein.
Phasianus colchicus, fide Edwards and others. Of common occurrence
in a semi-domesticated state.
Thaumalea picta, fide Edwards.
Euplocamus nycthemerus, fide Yarrell.
Pucrasia nipalensis, fide Blyth.
Tetrao tetrix, fide Bond; col. fig. Dresser, “B. of Eur.,” vi, 205.
Tetrao urogallus, fide Nilsson; col. fig. “Unser Auer-, Rackel- und
Birkwild und seine Abarten,” by A. B. Meyer.
Otis tarda, fide Tiedmann.
Anas (domestic duck), fide Rowley; col. fig. “Orn. Misc.,” i, p. 118.
Anas boschas, fide Hancock; fig. col. “Scandinavisk Fauna,” pl. 163.
Fuligula marila, fide Blyth; see also P. Z. S., 1885, p. 246.
Mergus serrator, fide Gurney.
Mareca penelope, fide Cecil Smith.
“Perhaps the Kestrel (_Tinnunculus alaudarius_) ought not to be
included in this catalogue, for so many have been seen with the
lower part of the back blue or bluish, as to leave little doubt
that the female generally becomes so if she lives long enough.
“It is said that the females in _Oriolus_ generally become as
bright as males in time (‘Ibis,’ 1864, p. 412; ‘Field,’ June 24th
and July 8th, 1871).”
“P. S.--Mr. W. Tegetmeier tells me he has known a barnyard cock
moult into hen’s plumage, which is the converse of the instances
narrated in this paper, and rather resembles the annual change
which takes place in _Anas boschas_ and others of that tribe.”
In a later notice Gurney makes the following statement:
“The bearded tit (_Panurus biarmicus_) may be added to the list of
female birds which are known to occasionally assume male plumage.
In the summer of 1882 a bearded tit, two years old, in Mr. J. G.
Keulemans’ aviary, hatched five eggs and moulted, during which
operation she suffered much from cold and stiffness, and when she
recovered her plumage it was partly that of the male (_cf._ ‘The
Field,’ Sept. 14, 1872).”
Brandt, who has reviewed the literature very thoroughly, cites the
following cases:
“Galeinacei: Gallus bankiva domest., Phasianus pictus, torquatus,
colchicus, mongolicus and nycthemerus, Pavo cristatus domest.,
Meleagris gallopave domest., Perdix einerea, Tetrao urogallus,
tetrix und bonasia.
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