[3]Actually, all waves have some of the characteristics of particles and all particles have some of the characteristics of waves. Usually, however, the radiation is predominantly one or the other and little confusion arises under ordinary circumstances in speaking of waves and particles as though they were separate phenomena. [4]For more about this subject, see _Radioisotopes in Industry_ and _Radioisotopes in Medicine_, companion booklets in this series. [5]For more about this subject, see _Fallout from Nuclear Tests_, another booklet in this series. [6]For details on _somatic_ effects of radiation, see _Your Body and Radiation_, a companion booklet in this series. [7]Estimated average exposures to the gonads, based on 1963 report of Federal Radiation Council. [8]One thousandth of a rem. [9]Nevertheless, it should be pointed out that the precautions taken in the atomic energy industry are such that absorption of radiation is not as severe a problem as one might suspect. Fully 95% of those engaged in this work receive less than 1 rem a year. Only 1% receive more than 5 rems. UNITED STATES ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION _Dr. Glenn T. Seaborg, Chairman_ _James T. Ramey_ _Dr. Gerald F. Tape_ _Dr. Samuel M. Nabrit_ _Wilfrid E. Johnson_ _ONE OF A SERIES ON UNDERSTANDING THE ATOM_ Nuclear energy is playing a vital role in the life of every man, woman, and child in the United States today. In the years ahead it will affect increasingly all the peoples of the earth. It is essential that all Americans gain an understanding of this vital force if they are to discharge thoughtfully their responsibilities as citizens and if they are to realize fully the myriad benefits that nuclear energy offers them. The United States Atomic Energy Commission provides this booklet to help you achieve such understanding. [Illustration: Edward J. Brunenkant] Edward J. Brunenkant Director Division of Technical Information This booklet is one of the “Understanding the Atom” Series. Comments are invited on this booklet and others in the series; please send them to the Division of Technical Information, U. S. Atomic Energy Commission, Washington, D. C. 20545. Published as part of the AEC’s educational assistance program, the series includes these titles: