{40}In the above list the species marked * extend to Tierra del Fuego. It is a remarkable fact that so many of the species belong to genera which are wholly Neotropical, and that the specially South American families of Icteridæ, Tyrannidæ, Dendrocolaptidæ, Pteroptochidæ, Trochilidæ, and Conuridæ, should supply more than one-third of the species; while the purely South American genus _Phrygilus_, should be represented by four species, three of which abound in Tierra del Fuego. _Plate XVI. A Scene in the Andes of Chili, with characteristic Animals._--The fauna of South Temperate America being most fully developed in Chili, we place the scene of our illustration in that country. In the foreground we have a pair of the beautiful little chinchillas (_Chinchilla lanigera_), belonging to a family of animals peculiar to the sub-region. There are only two species of this group, both confined to the higher Andes, at about 8000 feet elevation. Coming round a projecting ridge of the mountain, are a herd of vicunas (_Auchenia vicugna_), one of that peculiar form of the camel tribe found in South America and confined to its temperate and alpine regions. The upper bird is a plant-cutter (_Phytotoma rara_), of sober plumage but allied to the beautiful chatterers, though forming a separate family. Below, standing on a rock, is a plover-like bird, the _Thinocorus orbignianus_, which is considered to belong to a separate family, though allied to the plovers and sheath-bills. Its habits are, however, more those of the quails or partridges, living inland in dry and desert places, and feeding on plants, roots, and insects. Above is a condor, the most characteristic bird of the high Andes. _Reptiles and Amphibia._--These groups show, for the most part, similar modifications of American and Neotropical forms, as those we have seen to prevail among the birds. Snakes do not seem to go very far south, but several South American genera of Colubridæ and Dendrophidæ occur in Chili; while _Enophrys_ is peculiar to La Plata, and _Callorhinus_ to Patagonia, both belonging to the Colubridæ. The Elapidæ do not extend into the temperate zone; but _Craspedocephalus_, one of the Crotalidæ, occurs at Bahia Blanca in Patagonia (Lat. 40° S.) Plate XVI. [Illustration] THE CHILIAN ANDES, WITH CHARACTERISTIC ANIMALS.