The geographical lore of the time of the Crusades : $b A study in the history of medieval science and tradition in Western EuropeWright, John Kirtland
History
The geographical lore of the time of the Crusades : $b A study in the history of medieval science and tradition in Western Europe
Wright, John Kirtland
Geography -- History; Geography, Medieval
A logical division of the subject matter of physical geography is into
three studies: that of the atmosphere, that of the waters, and that of
the earth. In each of these there is room for a great deal of
hairsplitting about what belongs to geography and what to geology,
geophysics, or meteorology. Physical geography merges into the other
natural sciences as human geography merges into history, politics,
economics, or ethnology. Even at the present day, when the often futile
attempt is being made to delimit the domains of the various sciences
ever more definitely, it is impossible to distinguish where one begins
and another ends, and it would be foolish to set up hard and fast
definitions in dealing with the lore of the ancient and medieval worlds,
when natural science was as yet inchoate.
METEOROLOGY
The ancients were more interested in meteorology[74] than they were in
oceanography and physiography (if such terms can be used for their naïve
attempts at explaining the features of ocean and land), perhaps because
the phenomena of the air make a deeper impression on men than the
phenomena of the sea and earth—tides, earthquakes, and volcanoes
excepted. Thunder and lightning, comets, rainbows, balls of fire were
looked upon as portents, and complex theories were created to explain
them and what they were supposed to foretell. But all this type of
meteorological lore, however interesting in itself, is, strictly
speaking, not geography. On the other hand, there are certain distinctly
geographical aspects of the study of the atmosphere as pursued by the
Greeks and Romans that deserve our attention.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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