endeavoured to place Colston’s track on a map from his manuscript sketches. Cora’s map shows no new material except the route, and even this cannot be very correct, for it is evident on comparison with the results of the recent survey that Colston’s sketch map was of the same rough and inaccurate character as Purdy’s. In January 1889, GOLÉNISCHEFF made an expedition from the Nile to Berenice and back. His object was to collect archæological information, especially concerning the ancient roads and stations, but the careful account[23] which he has given of his journey is also of geographical interest. Starting from Redesia by Cailliaud’s route, he examined the temple of Seti I, and then discovered the ancient station of Abu Medrik[24] further to the south-east. Passing the ruins at Samut and Dweig (_Cc_), he found another small station on the way to Abu Had, and arrived at the station in Wadi Gemal (_Ed_), near Wadi Hafafit. From the Wadi Gemal he proceeded _via_ the Wadis Abiad (_Fe_), Abu Hegilig, Hefeiri, Abu Ghusun (_Ge_), Haratreit (_Hf_), Khashir (in which another ancient station was discovered), and Lahami (_Hg_), past the Abu Greia ruins, to Berenice. He returned by way of Wadis Naait (_Hh_) and Lahami on to the plain of Kharit, and thence past Hamrat Mukbud (_Cf_), _via_ the Wadis Khashab, Kharit (_Ag_), and Abu Modellim, to the Nile. Golénischeff, besides giving small plans of the various ancient stations and a carefully measured plan of the temple of Berenice, made a comparison of his itinerary with the descriptions of the old roads by classical writers and by Colston. He considers there can be no doubt that Abu Greia is the _Vetus hydreuma_ of Pliny, and the ruins in Wadi Khashir the _Novum hydreuma_ of the same writer. The ruins in Wadi Haratreit he considers to be the station _Cabalsi_ of the Antonine Itinerary, _Apollonus_ being identified with the well found by Colston at Hefeiri, _Falacro_ with the ruins in the Wadi Gemal, and _Aristonis_ with those in Wadi Dweig. In 1891, FLOYER, at the head of a scientific exploring expedition sent out by the Khedive Tewfik Pasha, travelled over the country north of 23° 30′, and his results were published in French in 1893.[25] A little later, the geographical results of the expedition were embodied in an English paper read at the Royal Geographical Society.[26] The general map in the French essay is only on a very small scale, but the English publication is accompanied by a much more illuminating map on a scale of 1:760,320, reduced from one prepared by the Intelligence Division of the War Office from Floyer’s original plane-table sketches. This latter map, in spite of many errors and defects, was a very great advance on anything which had previously appeared, and it formed the principal source of geographical information concerning the north part of the district at the commencement of my survey in 1905.