The geography and geology of south-eastern EgyptBall, John
Science
The geography and geology of south-eastern Egypt
Ball, John
Geology -- Egypt; Physical geography -- Egypt
MACALISTER[30] has given a detailed and interesting account of the
Sikait district (_Ed_), with special reference to its geology, as
the result of an expedition there in 1899. The small scale sketch
map of the route followed in reaching the mines from the valley is
not very correct, but the detail maps of the Sikait neighbourhood
give an accurate representation of the area in which the mines
are situated, while the geological notes give an excellent idea
of one of the most highly metamorphic areas of the entire Eastern
Desert. Macalister gives some notes also on the ruins and the people
of the neighbourhood. His experience of the Ababda as workers was very
unfavourable; though his characterisation is unfortunately only too
well merited by a large section of the tribe, it is probable that a
longer acquaintance with Arabs would have enabled him to select men of
a better class. A sufficiency of good men for a caravan of 130 camels
cannot be raised without great expenditure of time and care, even by
those who have lived for many years among the Arabs, and a few bad
characters in a desert camp soon exert a bad influence over the rest.
The brilliant series of investigations carried out by the officers
accompanying the Austrian research ship “POLA” in the Red Sea in
the winter of 1895-96, though chiefly concerned with oceanographic
questions, contain not a few observations of interest connected with
the land.[31] The positions determined include Sherm Sheikh, Berenice,
St. John’s or Zeberged Island, and Halaib. The latitudes observed
agree well with the values which I found by triangulation.[32]
For longitude the method used was the transport of chronometers,
and this method is liable to such considerable errors that we
need have no hesitation in preferring my triangulation values,
especially as our latitudes are in agreement. The observations
made by the officers of the “Pola” on the compass-variation at
Berenice and Halaib are of considerable importance as enabling us,
by comparison with my own observations at the same places, eleven
and twelve years later, to obtain a reliable value for the rate of
secular change of this magnetic element in the district. A large
scale map of Halaib is given, and amongst other observations of
interest to the geographer in South-Eastern Egypt are analyses of
the water at Halaib, a series of pendulum observations which show
a decided increase in the force of gravity over the sea as compared
with the intensity over the land, and descriptions with figures of
some of the reptiles which are found in the region.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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