The geography and geology of south-eastern EgyptBall, John
Science
The geography and geology of south-eastern Egypt
Ball, John
Geology -- Egypt; Physical geography -- Egypt
Some of the mountains, especially the granite “bodkin” of Gebel
Faraid (_Hl_), and some of the peaks of the Elba group, appear to
be unclimbable. A few others are rather dangerous of ascent, as,
for example, Gebel Abu Hamamid (_Ef_) on account of its steepness,
and Gebel Abu Dahr (_Gk_) by reason of combined steepness and rotten
rock, which comes away in tons at a touch. The highest peak of all
within the district, Gebel Hamata (_Gf_), is a comparatively easy
climb from the north.
=Hydrography.=
The course of the main watershed which parts the Red Sea and Nile
drainages is highly irregular both in altitude and direction, as will
be evident from the orographical map (Plate I), on which it is shown
by a red line. From Gebel Hamrat Wogud, in the north, it passes east
of Gebel Atut, thence through the high masses of Gebels Hangalia,
Nugrus, Hafafit, and Migif, beyond which it drops southward through
the low country round Gebel Abu Had. Entering the mountains again
at Gebel Nukheira, it takes an eastward bend, passing along the
great ridges of Gebels Abu Hamamid, Um Usher, Um Hasidok, and Ras el
Kharit. Striking southward across the head of Wadi Kharit, it courses
through the mountains of Mikbi and Abu Gurdi, thence dropping to the
south on the plain near the hills called Marwot Elemikan. Turning here
sharply westward over the plain, it passes through the hill-mass of
Gebel Abu Derega and on to Gebel Zergat Naam, south-west of which it
crosses the low tract at the head of Wadi el Arned to the sandstone
plateaux of Dagalai, whence it courses a little to the west of
Gebel Um Reit and enters the mountainous tract of Gebel Aqab el
Negum. Its further course has not been traced in detail, but from
guides’ statements and the indications of the main drainage-lines
it is believed to run as shown on the map, in a great curve through
the two sharp peaks of Gebel Sheyenit to the west of Gebel Mishbih,
and then in another flatter curve south-eastwards to Gebel Soaorib,
at the head of Wadi Hasium. Continuing along the mountain ridges of
Gebel Soaorib, it crosses to Gebel Is,[36] separating the Wadi Is
from the heads of Wadi Alaqi on the Sudan frontier.
The watershed is for a great part of its course quite impassable for
camels. The principal places where it can be crossed are at the head
of Wadi Nugrus, near Abu Had, the Wadi Marasan between Huluz and
Wadi el Sheikh, the heads of Wadi Lahami, Wadi el Fil, Wadi Arned,
and Wadi Um Reit, passes at Aqab el Negum and Hamrat el Feg, near
Gebel Mishbih, the head of Wadi Hasium, and the pass of Adar Ameit,
north of Gebel Is. All these places are practicable for baggage
camels, though in some of them, as, for instance, at the head of
Wadi Nugrus, care is required because the track is steep and stony.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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