Besides those at the mining camps and stations, there are some other extensive collections of ruins in the district, two of the most considerable being at Shenshef and Bir Meneiga. The =ruins at Shenshef= (_see_ Plate IV) are in part those of well-built houses, furnished with doors and windows, formed of slabs of fissile quartzose schist, quarried in the neighbouring hills. There are wells at Shenshef, but apparently no mines; the presence of watch towers on the hills, and the peculiar situation of the place, suggest that it may have been a slave dealer’s stronghold where slaves were herded till they could be shipped from Berenice. The better houses may have been those of the overseers, while the ruder hovels accommodated the slaves, and sentinels at the watch towers prevented any attempt at escape. The =ruins at Bir Meneiga=, though extensive, are very rude, and probably only represent a camping ground near the springs. A large rubble enclosure near Abraq springs has been thought by Purdy[54] to have been a hunting station of the Ptolemies. In many places there are =marks and drawings on the rocks= near roads. These are frequently spirited representations of animals, among which the ostrich is often seen. At the Galt el Aguz, near the watershed at the head of one of the branches of Wadi Garara, the drawings are accompanied by rude Greek inscriptions. At Abu Saafa, one of the springs issues from a niche cut in the sandstone, having a carved cornice with the remains of a Greek inscription on it. Another class of remains are found scattered over the area in the form of =cylindrical rubble piles=, four metres in diameter and from one to two metres high. The natives consider these to be tombs of pre-Arab date. Of =Arab tombs= in the area, the most considerable is that of Sheikh Shadli, near Gebel Abu Hamamid, a view of which is shown on Plate V. It is a well-built tomb of several domes, inhabited by a Moorish guardian. A yearly pilgrimage is made to this place by the Ababda Arabs, who hold the memory of Shadli in high veneration. The next largest tomb is probably that of Sheikh Hamid, near Abraq springs. Near the nose of Ras Benas is a large sheikh’s tomb, where sailors perform their devotions, and smaller tombs of the same type, built of drift-wood, are to be seen at other points near the coast. Cemeteries of small Arab graves exist near every well and spring. =Inhabitants.=