The degree of linguistic influence exerted by the Brazilian Portuguese on the High German or its various dialects as spoken by the immigrants varies again according to the relative isolation of the settlements. We have degrees ranging from that of the old settlements in the Santo Amaro district of Sao Paulo,[42] where the German language has practically in its entirety given way to the Brazilian Portuguese, to that of some of the sections of the "municipios"[43] of Blumenau in Santa Catharina and Sao Leopoldo in Rio Grande do Sul where a modified German has not only held its own among the inhabitants of German extraction, but has also become the language of parts of the Luso-Brazilian[44] and negro elements as well.[45] About half way between these two extremes we might range the case of Petropolis in Rio de Janeiro. BRAZILIAN GERMAN WORD FORMS. The following general principles are observed in connection with the dialect which has been developed by the German element in Brazil. Nouns form by far the greatest number of words taken over, followed next in order by verbs, exclamatory words and phrases, adjectives and adverbs. The last two appear relatively rarely. OBSERVATIONS ON WORDS FROM THE BRAZILIAN PORTUGUESE. I. Nouns. A. Masculines. 1) In the case of masculines the vowel ending is as a rule dropped, e.g., _Brazilian_ _Brazilian_ _Portuguese._ _German._ _English._ abatimento... abatiment... discount. campo........ camp........ field, plain. facao-....... fac......... hunting-knife. intendente... intendent... administrator. pasto........ past........ pasture. 2) The same holds for words of the following type where there have been further orthographical changes with preserve, however, the same phonetic values. _Brazilian_ _Brazilian_ _Portuguese._ _German._ _English._ macaco....... makak....... monkey. trapiche..... trapisch.... warehouse (on the wharf). 3) Internal phonetic changes have taken place in such words as: _Brazilian_ _Brazilian_ _Portuguese._ _German._ _English._ kaschero..... kaschoer..... shop-man, clerk (in a store). municipio.... munizip..... district. B. Feminines. In feminines the final vowel '_-a_' is as a rule weakened to _'e'_, e.g., _Brazilian_ _Brazilian_ _Portuguese._ _German._ _English._