Usually the sender of such correspondence agrees with the recipient as
to the way in which the communications shall be read. For example, in
1650 Prince Conde, who lay in prison on account of participation in the
plot against the Guises and Catherine de Medici, received a letter
which, perused in the ordinary way, could arouse no suspicion. But, in
reading it, Conde missed out every other line, obtaining by this means a
perfect meaning to fit the situation in which he was placed.
There is also a mechanical method of conducting a secret correspondence,
for the deciphering of which both sender and recipient must have
"castings," or small metal plates exactly similar, which are divided by
lines into squares. Some of the squares are cut out, the two plates
being kept exactly similar and then the sender lays the square plate on
the paper and writes his message in his usual writing on the cut-out
squares; then he takes the plate from the paper and fills in the empty
squares with casually chosen words, taking care, however, that some
meaning is made from the double writing, so as to replace the real
meaning when the plate is applied. On receipt of the letter the
addressee lays his square on it, and comfortably reads everything that
interests him, since the superfluous words which the sender wrote later
are covered by the squares in the plate which have been left by the
cutting-out.
All complex codes and similar means of communication occupy much time,
so they are not for spies to use in time of war, though one can employ
them in peace time. Certain solutions can be employed as inks, so that,
when dry, they leave no trace on the paper; then one has only to warm
the paper over a lamp, and the writing stands out clearly. This method,
however, has been very largely used, and a blank sheet of paper is
always an object of suspicion. And, in view of the meaning which an
apparently simple letter may bear to eyes that can decipher the hidden
meaning, it should be a rule in war to destroy all captured
correspondence of the enemy. This rule should also be observed on the
arrest of any suspected person.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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