The German Terror in Belgium: An Historical RecordToynbee, Arnold
History
The German Terror in Belgium: An Historical Record
Toynbee, Arnold
Belgium -- History -- German occupation, 1914-1918; World War, 1914-1918 -- Atrocities
“The city was perfectly quiet,” declares a Belgian witness,[64]
“until about 8.0 p.m. At about 9.15 p.m. I was in bed reading when I
heard the sound of rifle-fire.... The noise of the firing came nearer
and nearer.” The first shot was fired from a window of “Emulation
Building,” looking out on the Place de l’Université, in the heart of
the town.[65] The Place was immediately crowded with armed German
soldiers, firing in the air, breaking into houses, and dragging out
any civilians they could find. First nine men (5 of them Spanish
subjects) were shot in a batch, then 7 more.[66] “About 10.0 p.m. they
were shooting everywhere. About 10.30 p.m. several machine guns were
firing and artillery as well.” (The artillery was firing on private
houses from the opposite side of the Meuse.[67]) “About 11.0 p.m. I saw
between 45 and 50 houses burning. There were two seats of the fire--the
first at the Place de l’Université (8 houses--I was close by at the
time), the second across the Meuse on the Quai des Pecheurs, where
there were about 35 houses burning. I heard a whole series of orders
given in German, and also bugle calls, followed by the cries of the
victims, and I saw women with children running about in the street,
pursued by soldiers....” (a 28).
[Illustration: 5. ANS: THE CHURCH]
[Illustration: 6. LIÉGE: A FARM HOUSE]
The arson was elaborate. In the Rue des Pitteurs the waggon loaded with
benzine moved from door to door.[68] “About 20 men were going up to
each of the houses. One of them had a sort of syringe, with which he
squirted into the house, and another would throw a bucket of water in.
A handful of stuff was first put into the bucket, and when this was
thrown into the house there was an immediate explosion” (a 31). At the
Place de l’Université, when the Belgian fire-brigade arrived, they were
forbidden to extinguish the fire, and made to stand, hands up, against
a wall (a 28, 29). Later they were assigned another task. “About
midnight,” states a witness (a 30), “a whole heap of civilian corpses
were brought to the Hôtel de Ville on a fire-brigade cart. There were
17 of them. Bits were blown out of their heads....”
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